Lawlor Claire M, Zendejas Benjamin, Baird Christopher, Munoz-San Julian Carlos, Jennings Russell W, Choi Sukgi S
Department of Otolaryngology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States.
Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
Front Pediatr. 2020 Nov 27;8:587177. doi: 10.3389/fped.2020.587177. eCollection 2020.
Review techniques for intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) monitoring during pediatric surgery for esophageal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula, tracheobronchomalacia, and cardiac surgery. Literature was reviewed for reports of intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring in cervical, thoracic, and cardiac surgical procedures which place the RLNs at risk for injury. Review paper. The RLN is at risk during pediatric surgery for esophageal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula, tracheobronchomalacia, and cardiac surgery. Intraoperative nerve monitoring has decreased rates of RLN injury in thyroid surgery. Intraoperative RLN monitoring techniques appropriate for pediatric surgery are discussed, including endotracheal tubes with integrated surface electrodes, adhesive surface electrodes for smaller endotracheal tubes, endolaryngeal electrodes, and automatic periodic continuous intra-operative stimulation. Multiple techniques exist to monitor the RLN in children undergoing cervical, cardiac, and thoracic surgery. Monitoring the RLN during procedures that place the RLNs at risk may help decrease the rate of RLN injury.
回顾小儿食管闭锁、气管食管瘘、气管支气管软化症手术及心脏手术中喉返神经（RLN）术中监测技术。对颈部、胸部和心脏手术中喉返神经有损伤风险的术中喉返神经监测报告进行了文献综述。综述论文。在小儿食管闭锁、气管食管瘘、气管支气管软化症手术及心脏手术中，喉返神经有损伤风险。术中神经监测降低了甲状腺手术中喉返神经损伤的发生率。讨论了适用于小儿手术的术中喉返神经监测技术，包括带有集成表面电极的气管导管、用于较小气管导管的粘性表面电极、喉内电极以及自动周期性连续术中刺激。在接受颈部、心脏和胸部手术的儿童中，有多种技术可用于监测喉返神经。在喉返神经有损伤风险的手术过程中进行监测可能有助于降低喉返神经损伤的发生率。
