Turcsan Mihaly, Demian Emese, Varga Tunde, Jaksa-Czotter Nikoletta, Szegedi Erno, Olah Robert, Varallyay Eva
Research Institute for Viticulture and Oenology, Experimental Station of Kecskemet, National Research and Innovation Center, Katona Zsigmond Street 5, 6000 Kecskemet, Hungary.
Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research and Innovation Center, Szent-Gyorgyi Albert Street 4, 2100 Godollo, Hungary.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Dec 16;9(12):1782. doi: 10.3390/plants9121782.
Meristem culture and somatic embryogenesis are effective tools for virus elimination of vegetatively propagated crops including grapevine ( L.). While both have been shown to be useful to eliminate the main grapevine viruses, their efficiency differs depending on the virus and grapevine variety. In our work, we investigated the efficiency of these two virus elimination methods using small RNA high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and RT-PCR as virus diagnostics. Field grown mother plants of four clones representing three cultivars, infected with different viruses and viroids, were selected for elimination via somatic embryogenesis (SE) and meristem culture (ME). Our results show for the first time that using SE, elimination in mother plants was effective for all viruses, i.e., grapevine rupestris vein feathering virus (GRVFV), grapevine Syrah virus 1 (GSyV-1), Grapevine virus T (GVT) and grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV). This study also confirms previous studies showing that SE is a possible strategy for the elimination of GFkV, GRSPaV, HSVd, and GYSVd-1. Our results demonstrate that the efficacy of virus elimination via SE is relatively high while the purging of viroids is lower. Our work provides evidence that the efficiency of SE is comparable to that of the technically difficult ME technique, and that SE will offer a more effective strategy for the production of virus-free grapevine in the future.
分生组织培养和体细胞胚胎发生是消除包括葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.）在内的无性繁殖作物病毒的有效方法。虽然两者都已被证明对消除主要的葡萄病毒有用，但其效率因病毒和葡萄品种而异。在我们的研究中，我们使用小RNA高通量测序（HTS）和RT-PCR作为病毒诊断方法，研究了这两种病毒消除方法的效率。选择了代表三个品种的四个克隆的田间种植母株，它们感染了不同的病毒和类病毒，通过体细胞胚胎发生（SE）和分生组织培养（ME）进行病毒消除。我们的结果首次表明，使用SE，母株中的病毒消除对所有病毒均有效，即葡萄扇叶病毒（GRVFV）、葡萄西拉病毒1（GSyV-1）、葡萄病毒T（GVT）和葡萄灰比诺病毒（GPGV）。本研究还证实了先前的研究结果，即SE是消除葡萄卷叶病毒（GFkV）、葡萄栓皮病病毒（GRSPaV）、马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒（HSVd）和葡萄黄化斑点病毒-1（GYSVd-1）的一种可行策略。我们的结果表明，通过SE消除病毒的效率相对较高，而消除类病毒的效率较低。我们的研究提供了证据，证明SE的效率与技术难度较大的ME技术相当，并且SE将为未来生产无病毒葡萄提供更有效的策略。
