J Pediatr Health Care. 2021 May-Jun;35(3):292-303. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2020.11.007. Epub 2020 Dec 17.
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder that causes elevated low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. If undiagnosed and untreated in childhood, affected individuals can suffer premature health complications. Statins reduce the risks of complications for adults, but less is known about children. This systematic review examined the effectiveness of statin therapy for lowering LDL-C levels in children with FH.
Medline Ovid, Embase, CINAHL, and Allied Health Literature Plus were searched for studies that examined the effectiveness of stains in children ages 1-18 years with heterozygous FH.
Of the 706 articles identified, 10 were included in the review. Statin therapy significantly reduced LDL-C levels in pediatric patients with FH. Statins were safe and well-tolerated with minimal adverse effects.
Pediatric providers should be familiar with diagnosis, treatment, and management of FH to successfully lower LDL-C levels and avoid potential long-term health effects. Evidence suggests statins are safe and effective in children with FH.
家族性高胆固醇血症（FH）是一种遗传疾病，会导致低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平升高。如果在儿童期未被诊断和治疗，受影响的个体可能会遭受过早的健康并发症。他汀类药物可降低成年人并发症的风险，但对儿童的了解较少。本系统评价检查了他汀类药物治疗 FH 儿童降低 LDL-C 水平的效果。
在 Medline Ovid、Embase、CINAHL 和 Allied Health Literature Plus 中搜索了评估他汀类药物治疗 1-18 岁杂合子 FH 儿童的有效性的研究。
在确定的 706 篇文章中，有 10 篇被纳入综述。他汀类药物治疗可显著降低 FH 儿科患者的 LDL-C 水平。他汀类药物安全且耐受良好，不良反应最小。
儿科医生应熟悉 FH 的诊断、治疗和管理，以成功降低 LDL-C 水平并避免潜在的长期健康影响。有证据表明，他汀类药物在 FH 儿童中是安全有效的。
