Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
Int J Immunogenet. 2021 Apr;48(2):157-171. doi: 10.1111/iji.12523. Epub 2020 Dec 22.
Natural killer (NK) cells are of major significance in patients after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). They are the first subset of lymphocytes to appear in peripheral blood after transplantation and play an important role in the immune responses against cancer and viral infections. The function of NK cells is controlled by various surface receptors, of which type I integral proteins with immunoglobulin-like domains (killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors, KIRs) have been the most extensively studied. The present review focuses on less studied NK cell receptors, such as type II integral proteins with lectin-like domains (CD94/NKG2, NKG2D), natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs), immunoglobulin-like transcripts (ILTs) and their ligands. Their potential role in patients with haematological disorders subjected to HSC transplant procedure in the context of post-transplant complications such as viral reactivation and acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) will be presented and discussed.
自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞在异基因造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 后患者中具有重要意义。它们是移植后外周血中最早出现的淋巴细胞亚群之一，在针对癌症和病毒感染的免疫反应中发挥重要作用。NK 细胞的功能受各种表面受体控制，其中具有免疫球蛋白样结构域的 I 型整合蛋白（杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体，KIRs）已得到最广泛的研究。本综述重点介绍研究较少的 NK 细胞受体，如具有凝集素样结构域的 II 型整合蛋白（CD94/NKG2、NKG2D）、自然细胞毒性受体 (NCR)、免疫球蛋白样转录物 (ILTs) 及其配体。将介绍和讨论它们在接受 HSC 移植程序的血液系统疾病患者中的潜在作用，特别是在病毒再激活和急性移植物抗宿主病 (GvHD) 等移植后并发症的情况下。
