CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; UT School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology, P.O. Box 20, 53851 Lappeenranta, Finland.
Environ Int. 2021 Jan;146:106281. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106281. Epub 2020 Dec 2.
Carbonaceous matter, including organic carbon (OC) and black carbon (BC), is an important climate forcing agent and contributes to glacier retreat in the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau (HTP). The HTP - the so-called "Third Pole" - contains the most extensive glacial area outside of the polar regions. Considerable research on carbonaceous matter in the HTP has been conducted, although this research has been challenging due to the complex terrain and strong spatiotemporal heterogeneity of carbonaceous matter in the HTP. A comprehensive investigation of published atmospheric and snow data for HTP carbonaceous matter concentration, deposition and light absorption is presented, including how these factors vary with time and other parameters. Carbonaceous matter concentrations in the atmosphere and glaciers of the HTP are found to be low. Analysis of water-insoluable organic carbon and BC from snowpits reveals that concentrations of OC and BC in the atmosphere and glacier samples in arid regions of the HTP may be overestimated due to contributions from inorganic carbon in mineral dust. Due to the remote nature of the HTP, carbonaceous matter found in the HTP has generally been transported from outside the HTP (e.g., South Asia), although local HTP emissions may also be important at some sites. This review provides essential data and a synthesis of current thinking for studies on atmospheric transport modeling and radiative forcing of carbonaceous matter in the HTP.
含碳物质，包括有机碳（OC）和黑碳（BC），是一种重要的气候强迫因子，导致喜马拉雅山脉和青藏高原（HTP）的冰川退缩。青藏高原——所谓的“第三极”——拥有最广阔的极地以外的冰川区。尽管由于 HTP 含碳物质的复杂地形和强烈的时空异质性，研究工作具有挑战性，但已经对 HTP 中的含碳物质进行了相当多的研究。本文综合调查了 HTP 大气和雪中含碳物质浓度、沉积和光吸收的已发表数据，包括这些因素随时间和其他参数的变化情况。结果发现，HTP 大气和冰川中的含碳物质浓度较低。对雪坑中不溶有机碳和 BC 的分析表明，由于矿物灰尘中的无机碳的贡献，HTP 干旱地区大气和冰川样品中 OC 和 BC 的浓度可能被高估。由于 HTP 的偏远性质，在 HTP 中发现的含碳物质通常是从 HTP 以外的地方（例如南亚）输送而来的，尽管在一些地点，本地 HTP 排放也可能很重要。本综述为大气传输模型研究和 HTP 含碳物质辐射强迫提供了必要的数据和对当前思维的综合。
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