Independent Researcher, Dacula, Ga, USA.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Jan 15;208:111625. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111625. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
Data for US adults aged ≥20 years from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for the years 2003-2014 were analyzed to evaluate how adjusted (N = 8481) and unadjusted (N = 9080) levels of selected perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAA) vary across the different stages of glomerular function (GF) among those who did not have diabetes, anemia, or albuminuria as compared to those who had diabetes only, anemia only, and albuminuria only. PFAAs selected for analyses were: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA). Irrespective of GF stage, there was no noticeable evidence to suggest that adjusted levels of PFAA for those with diabetes only are any lower than those with no diabetes, no anemia, and no albuminuria. Those who had anemia only were found to have lower adjusted levels of at least PFOA, PFOS, PFDA, and PFHxS than those who had no diabetes, no anemia, and no albuminuria. These results were seen in the presence (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m) as well as the absence of chronic kidney disease. For GF-1 (eGFR > 90 mL/min/1.73 m), GF-2 (60 ≤ eGFR ≤ 90 mL/min/1.73 m), and GF-3B/4 (15 < eGFR ≤ 45 mL/min/1.73 m), those who had albuminuria only had lower adjusted levels of PFOA, PFOS, and PFHxS than those who had no diabetes, no anemia, and no albuminuria. In general, adjusted levels of those who had albuminuria only were lower than those who had anemia only at GF-3 and more often than not at GF-1 and GF-2. Rise in adjusted levels of PFAA from GF-1 to GF-3A (45 < eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m) was faster for those with anemia only than any other comparison group for the total population and females.
对 2003-2014 年美国国家健康和营养调查中年龄≥20 岁的成年人的数据进行了分析，以评估在没有糖尿病、贫血或蛋白尿的情况下，与仅患有糖尿病、仅贫血和仅蛋白尿的人相比，肾小球功能 (GF) 不同阶段的调整后 (N=8481) 和未经调整的 (N=9080) 选定全氟烷基酸 (PFAA) 水平如何变化。选择用于分析的 PFAAs 是：全氟辛酸 (PFOA)、全氟辛烷磺酸 (PFOS)、全氟癸酸 (PFDA)、全氟己烷磺酸 (PFHxS) 和全氟壬酸 (PFNA)。无论 GF 阶段如何，都没有明显的证据表明，仅患有糖尿病的人的 PFAA 调整水平低于没有糖尿病、没有贫血和没有蛋白尿的人。仅患有贫血的人发现，至少 PFOA、PFOS、PFDA 和 PFHxS 的调整后水平低于没有糖尿病、没有贫血和没有蛋白尿的人。这些结果在存在 (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m) 和不存在慢性肾脏病的情况下都有出现。对于 GF-1 (eGFR > 90 mL/min/1.73 m)、GF-2 (60 ≤ eGFR ≤ 90 mL/min/1.73 m) 和 GF-3B/4 (15 < eGFR ≤ 45 mL/min/1.73 m)，仅患有蛋白尿的人的 PFOA、PFOS 和 PFHxS 的调整后水平低于没有糖尿病、没有贫血和没有蛋白尿的人。一般来说，仅患有蛋白尿的人的调整后水平低于仅患有贫血的人在 GF-3 的水平，并且往往在 GF-1 和 GF-2 的水平也更低。在全人群和女性中，与任何其他比较组相比，仅患有贫血的人的 PFAA 调整水平从 GF-1 到 GF-3A（45 < eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m）的上升速度更快。
