El-Sarnagawy Ghada N, Shaban Aliaa E, Lashin Heba I
Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, 6th floor, Medical Collages Complex, Al-Gaish Street, Tanta, 31527, Gharbia, Egypt.
Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2022 Jan;22(1):1-13. doi: 10.1007/s12012-020-09629-8. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
Acute cardiovascular poisoning is a major cause of adverse outcomes in poisoning emergencies. The prognostic validity of corrected QT (QTc) and dispersed QT (QTd) in these outcomes is still limited. The present study aimed to determine the risk factors of mortality, adverse cardiovascular events (ACVE), and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in patients with acute cardiovascular toxicities and assess the validity of QTc and QTd intervals in predicting these outcomes. This study was conducted on adult patients admitted to Tanta University Poison Control Center with a history of acute cardiotoxic drugs or toxins exposure. The demographic and toxicological data of patients were recorded. Clinical examination, routine laboratory investigations, ECG grading, and measurement of QTc and QTd were performed. The patients were grouped according to their adverse outcomes. Among the included patients, 51 (31.48%) patients died, 61 (37.65%) patients had ACVE, and 68 (41.98%) patients required ICU admission. The most common cause of poisoning is aluminum phosphide, followed by cholinesterase inhibitors. QTd and QTdc showed no significant difference among outcome groups. The best cut-off values of QTc to predict mortality, ACVE, and ICU admission were > 491.1 ms, > 497.9 ms, and ≥ 491.9 ms, respectively. The derived cut-off QTc values were independent predictors for all adverse outcomes after adjusting for poison type, serum HCO3, and pulse. The highest odds ratios for all adverse outcomes were observed in aluminum phosphide poisoning and low HCO3 < 18 mmol/L. Thus, serum HCO3 and QTc interval should be monitored for acute cardiotoxicities, especially in aluminum phosphide and cholinesterase inhibitors poisoning.
急性心血管中毒是中毒急症不良后果的主要原因。校正QT(QTc)和离散QT(QTd)在这些后果中的预后有效性仍然有限。本研究旨在确定急性心血管中毒患者的死亡、不良心血管事件(ACVE)和重症监护病房(ICU)入院的危险因素,并评估QTc和QTd间期在预测这些后果方面的有效性。本研究针对入住坦塔大学中毒控制中心且有急性心脏毒性药物或毒素暴露史的成年患者进行。记录患者的人口统计学和毒理学数据。进行临床检查、常规实验室检查、心电图分级以及QTc和QTd测量。根据患者的不良后果进行分组。在纳入的患者中,51例(31.48%)死亡,61例(37.65%)发生ACVE,68例(41.98%)需要入住ICU。最常见的中毒原因是磷化铝,其次是胆碱酯酶抑制剂。QTd和QTdc在各结局组之间无显著差异。预测死亡、ACVE和ICU入院的QTc最佳截断值分别为>491.1毫秒、>497.9毫秒和≥491.9毫秒。在调整中毒类型、血清HCO3和脉搏后,得出的截断QTc值是所有不良后果的独立预测因素。在磷化铝中毒和低HCO3<18 mmol/L的患者中观察到所有不良后果的最高比值比。因此,对于急性心脏毒性,尤其是磷化铝和胆碱酯酶抑制剂中毒,应监测血清HCO3和QTc间期。