School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021 Jan 6;18(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s12966-020-01073-9.
Extensive research has demonstrated the role of the Home Environment (HE) in shaping children's energy balance behaviours. Less is known about direct relationships with bodyweight. This review examines associations between the social and physical aspects of three pre-defined Home Environment domains (food, physical activity and media) and adiposity measures in children ≤12 years.
Six electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, EBSCO CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycInfo) were systematically searched up to October 2020. Studies reporting at least one physical and/or social aspect of the food, physical activity and/or media domains of the Home Environment in relation to child adiposity outcomes were included (n = 62).
Most studies examined one (n = 41) or two domains (n = 16). Only five studies assessed all three domains of the Home Environment. Most consistent relationships were observed for physical aspects of the home media environment; with greater availability of electronic devices associated with higher child adiposity (21/29 studies). Findings were less consistent for the smaller number of studies examining physical aspects of the home food or physical activity environments. 8/15 studies examining physical food environments reported null associations with adiposity. Findings were similarly mixed for physical activity environments; with 4/7 reporting null associations, 2/7 reporting negative associations and 1/7 reporting positive associations between access to physical activity equipment/garden space and adiposity. Fewer studies assessed social aspects (e.g. caregiver modelling or limit setting) of the Home Environment in relation to child adiposity and findings were again mixed; 9/16 media environment, 7/11 food environment and 9/13 physical activity environment studies reported null associations with child adiposity outcomes.
The home media environment was most consistently associated with adiposity in childhood. Findings were less consistent for the home food and physical activity environments. Greater agreement on definitions and the measurement of the obesogenic home environment is required in order to clarify the strength and direction of relationships with child adiposity. Robust longitudinal research using comprehensive measures of the holistic home environment is needed to better identify which aspects contribute to excess weight gain in childhood.
PROSPERO Systematic review registration number: CRD42018115139 .
大量研究表明家庭环境（HE）在塑造儿童能量平衡行为方面起着重要作用。但对于其与体重的直接关系知之甚少。本综述考察了三个预先定义的家庭环境领域（食物、身体活动和媒体）的社会和物理方面与≤12 岁儿童肥胖指标之间的关联。
系统检索了六个电子数据库（PubMed、Medline、EBSCO CINAHL、EMBASE、Web of Science、PsycInfo），截至 2020 年 10 月。纳入了至少报告家庭环境中食物、身体活动和/或媒体领域的一个或多个物理和/或社会方面与儿童肥胖结果相关的研究（n=62）。
大多数研究仅考察了一个领域（n=41）或两个领域（n=16）。只有五项研究评估了家庭环境的所有三个领域。与家庭媒体环境的物理方面关系最密切的是，电子设备的更大可用性与儿童肥胖有关（21/29 项研究）。与家庭食物或身体活动环境的物理方面相关的研究数量较少，因此结果不太一致。8/15 项研究报告了与肥胖无关的食物环境。与身体活动环境相关的研究结果也各不相同；其中 4/7 项报告了阴性关联，2/7 项报告了阳性关联，1/7 项报告了与身体活动设备/花园空间获得有关的正相关。较少的研究评估了家庭环境的社会方面（如照顾者的榜样作用或限制设置）与儿童肥胖之间的关系，结果同样各不相同；9/16 项媒体环境、7/11 项食物环境和 9/13 项身体活动环境研究报告了与儿童肥胖结果的阴性关联。
家庭媒体环境与儿童肥胖的相关性最为一致。家庭食物和身体活动环境的结果则不太一致。需要在家庭致肥胖环境的定义和测量方面达成更大的共识，以明确其与儿童肥胖之间的关系强度和方向。需要使用全面的家庭环境综合措施进行强有力的纵向研究，以更好地确定哪些方面导致儿童体重增加。
PROSPERO 系统评价注册号：CRD42018115139。
