Zhuang Shendong, Qi Heshan, Wang Xueyang, Li Xiuqiang, Liu Kai, Liu Jun, Zhang Han
SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China.
National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China.
Glob Chall. 2020 Dec 13;5(1):2000085. doi: 10.1002/gch2.202000085. eCollection 2021 Jan.
Water scarcity is one of the greatest global challenges at this time. Significant efforts have been made to harvest water from the air, due to widely available water sources present in the atmosphere. Particularly, solar-driven hygroscopic water harvesting based on the adsorption-desorption process has gained tremendous attention because of the abundance of solar energy in combination with substantial improvements in conversion efficiency enabled by advanced sorbents, improved photothermal materials, interfacial heating system designs, and thermal management in recent years. Here, recent developments in atmospheric water harvesting are discussed, with a focus on solar-driven hygroscopic water harvesting. The diverse structural designs and engineering strategies that are being used to improve the rate of the water production, including the design principles for sorbents with high adsorption capacity, high-efficiency light-to-heat conversion, optimization of thermal management, vapor condensation, and water collection, are also explored. The current challenges and future research opportunities are also discussed, providing a roadmap for the future development of solar-driven hygroscopic water harvesting technology.
水资源短缺是当前全球面临的最大挑战之一。由于大气中存在广泛可用的水源，人们已做出巨大努力从空气中获取水分。特别是，基于吸附 - 解吸过程的太阳能驱动吸湿集水技术受到了极大关注，这是因为近年来太阳能丰富，同时先进吸附剂、改进的光热材料、界面加热系统设计以及热管理等方面的发展使转换效率有了大幅提高。在此，讨论了大气集水技术的最新进展，重点是太阳能驱动吸湿集水技术。还探讨了用于提高产水速率的各种结构设计和工程策略，包括高吸附容量吸附剂的设计原则、高效光热转换、热管理优化、蒸汽冷凝和水收集等。此外，还讨论了当前面临的挑战和未来的研究机会，为太阳能驱动吸湿集水技术的未来发展提供了路线图。
