School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean Jacques Lussier, Vanier Hall, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Behavioural Sciences Building, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
J Youth Adolesc. 2021 Apr;50(4):767-787. doi: 10.1007/s10964-020-01378-9. Epub 2021 Jan 15.
More research is needed to understand the different vulnerability profiles of university students who engage in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). This study sought to classify university students (n = 479; 83.8% female) aged 17-25 years (M = 18.77; SD = 1.42) who had engaged in NSSI within the past year into latent profiles based on their self-perceived difficulties in regulating both positive and negative emotions. Independent samples of students who had a past history of NSSI but had not self-injured within the previous year (n = 439; 82.9% females; M = 19.03, SD = 1.62) and who had no history of NSSI (n = 1551; 69.9% females; M = 19.02, SD = 1.55) were recruited for comparison purposes. Latent cluster analyses revealed three emotion regulation profiles within the NSSI sample-the Average Difficulties (47.4%), Dysregulated (33.0%), and Low Difficulties (19.6%) profiles-each of which differed meaningfully from both comparison samples on mean emotion regulation difficulties. Students across profiles also differed in their self-reported experiences with parents, particularly with fathers (pressure, antipathy, unresolved attachment, psychological control), and in the extent to which they felt alienated from parents. Lastly, students across profiles differed in the frequency, methods, functions, and addictive properties of their NSSI. Findings highlight that university students who self-injure experience distinct patterns of difficulties with emotion regulation, which are associated with variation in parent-child relational risk factors and NSSI outcomes.
需要更多的研究来了解参与非自杀性自伤（NSSI）的大学生的不同脆弱性特征。本研究旨在根据自我感知的调节积极和消极情绪的困难程度，对过去一年有 NSSI 行为的 17-25 岁（M=18.77；SD=1.42）大学生（n=479；83.8%女性）进行潜在特征分类。招募了过去有 NSSI 病史但过去一年未自我伤害的学生（n=439；82.9%女性；M=19.03，SD=1.62）和没有 NSSI 病史的学生（n=1551；69.9%女性；M=19.02，SD=1.55）作为比较。潜在聚类分析显示，NSSI 样本中有三种情绪调节特征——平均困难（47.4%）、失调（33.0%）和低困难（19.6%），与两个比较样本在情绪调节困难的平均值上都有显著差异。在自我报告的父母经历方面，包括与父母的关系（压力、敌意、未解决的依恋、心理控制）以及与父母疏远的程度方面，不同特征的学生之间也存在差异。最后，不同特征的学生在 NSSI 的频率、方法、功能和成瘾性方面也存在差异。研究结果表明，自我伤害的大学生在情绪调节方面存在明显的困难模式，这些模式与亲子关系风险因素和 NSSI 结果的变化有关。
