de Geus Juliana Larocca, Koch Luiza Foltran de Azevedo, Kintopp Cibele, Spada Paula Porto, Baratto Samantha Pugsley, Giovanini Allan Fernando, Pizzatto Eduardo, Wambier Letícia Maíra
Department of Dentistry, Faculty Paulo Picanço, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
School of Health Science, Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2021 Jan-Feb;15(1):35-42.
Nowadays, it is believed that more than 240 million people worldwide are infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV), associated with irreversible health-related consequences, represented by hepatic failure, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, and already are ranked as 15 cause of human death around the world.
A systematic review and a meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination and immunization on health professionals against HBV. The review was registered at the PROSPERO database (CRD42017075643). A search for cross-sectional studies was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO, Cochrane Library, and in the gray literature. The Effective Public Health Practice Project Modified Scale was used to evaluate the internal quality of the studies included.
A total of 1865 articles were identified after the removal of duplicates. Of these, 790 studies remained after screening the titles and abstracts. Finally, ten studies remained after full-text reading for qualitative analysis, all of which were used in the meta-analysis. A significant difference was found in the vaccine protocol for health professionals immunized against hepatitis B, compared to those not immunized. The risk ratio was 7.37 (95% confidence interval = 3.92-13.83; < 0.00001).
This study showed that the vaccine protocol is effective in immunizing health professionals against hepatitis B.
目前，人们认为全球有超过2.4亿人感染了乙型肝炎病毒（HBV），这会带来不可逆转的健康相关后果，表现为肝衰竭、肝硬化和肝细胞癌，并且已成为全球人类死亡的第15大原因。
进行了一项系统评价和荟萃分析，以评估针对卫生专业人员的乙型肝炎疫苗接种和免疫的有效性。该评价已在PROSPERO数据库（CRD42017075643）中注册。在PubMed、Scopus、科学网、拉丁美洲和加勒比卫生科学数据库、生物和生物医学数据库、Cochrane图书馆以及灰色文献中检索横断面研究。使用有效公共卫生实践项目修正量表来评估纳入研究的内部质量。
去除重复项后共识别出1865篇文章。其中，在筛选标题和摘要后，有790项研究留存。最后，经过全文阅读后有10项研究留存用于定性分析，所有这些研究均用于荟萃分析。与未接种疫苗的卫生专业人员相比，接种乙型肝炎疫苗的卫生专业人员的疫苗接种方案存在显著差异。风险比为7.37（95%置信区间=3.92 - 13.83；P<0.00001）。
本研究表明，该疫苗接种方案在使卫生专业人员对乙型肝炎产生免疫方面是有效的。
