Biedunkiewicz Anna, Figiel Paweł, Garbiec Dariusz, Obrosov Aleksei, Pawlyta Mirosława, Biedunkiewicz Witold, Pruss Przemysław, Rokosz Krzysztof, Wróbel Rafał, Raaen Steinar, Weiß Sabine, Bokov Dmitry
Department of Materials Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, 19 Piastow Avenue, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland.
Łukasiewicz Research Network-Metal Forming Institute, 14 Jana Pawla II Street, 61-139 Poznan, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Jan 5;14(1):231. doi: 10.3390/ma14010231.
This paper describes the microstructure and properties of titanium-based composites obtained as a result of a reactive spark plasma sintering of a mixture of titanium and nanostructured (Ti,Mo)C-type carbide in a carbon shell. Composites with different ceramic addition mass percentage (10 and 20 wt %) were produced. Effect of content of elemental carbon covering nc-(Ti,Mo)C reinforcing phase particles on the microstructure, mechanical, tribological, and corrosion properties of the titanium-based composites was investigated. The microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and tribological behavior of the Ti + (Ti,Mo)C/C composites were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), electron backscatter diffraction analysis (EBSD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), 3D confocal laser scanning microscopy, nanoindentation, and ball-on-disk wear test. Moreover, corrosion resistance in a 3.5 wt % NaCl solution at RT were also investigated. It was found that the carbon content affected the tested properties. With the increase of carbon content from ca. 3 to 40 wt % in the (Ti,Mo)C/C reinforcing phase, an increase in the Young's modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness of spark plasma sintered composites was observed. The results of abrasive and corrosive resistance tests were presented and compared with experimental data obtained for cp-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy without the reinforcing phase. Moreover, it was found that an increase in the percentage of carbon increased the resistance to abrasive wear and to electrochemical corrosion of composites, measured by the relatively lower values of the friction coefficient and volume of wear and higher values of resistance polarization. This resistance results from the fact that a stable of TiO layer doped with MoO is formed on the surface of the composites. The results of experimental studies on the composites were compared with those obtained for cp-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy without the reinforcing phase.
本文描述了通过对钛与碳壳包覆的纳米结构（Ti,Mo）C型碳化物混合物进行反应性放电等离子烧结所获得的钛基复合材料的微观结构和性能。制备了具有不同陶瓷添加质量百分比（10 wt%和20 wt%）的复合材料。研究了包覆纳米（Ti,Mo）C增强相颗粒的元素碳含量对钛基复合材料微观结构、力学、摩擦学和腐蚀性能的影响。使用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量色散X射线光谱（EDX）、电子背散射衍射分析（EBSD）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、三维共聚焦激光扫描显微镜、纳米压痕和球盘磨损试验对Ti +（Ti,Mo）C/C复合材料的微观结构演变、力学性能和摩擦学行为进行了评估。此外，还研究了其在室温下3.5 wt% NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性。结果发现，碳含量影响所测试的性能。随着（Ti,Mo）C/C增强相中碳含量从约3 wt%增加到40 wt%，观察到放电等离子烧结复合材料的杨氏模量、硬度和断裂韧性增加。给出了耐磨和耐腐蚀试验结果，并与未添加增强相的工业纯钛和Ti-6Al-4V合金的实验数据进行了比较。此外，还发现碳含量的增加提高了复合材料的耐磨和耐电化学腐蚀性能，这通过相对较低的摩擦系数和磨损体积值以及较高的电阻极化值来衡量。这种抗性源于复合材料表面形成了掺杂MoO的稳定TiO层这一事实。将复合材料的实验研究结果与未添加增强相的工业纯钛和Ti-6Al-4V合金的结果进行了比较。
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