Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 8, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 8, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Curr Biol. 2021 Mar 22;31(6):1165-1174.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.12.034. Epub 2021 Jan 22.
Locomotion creates various patterns of optic flow on the retina, which provide the observer with information about their movement relative to the environment. However, it is unclear how these optic flow patterns are encoded by the cortex. Here, we use two-photon calcium imaging in awake mice to systematically map monocular and binocular responses to horizontal motion in four areas of the visual cortex. We find that neurons selective to translational or rotational optic flow are abundant in higher visual areas, whereas neurons suppressed by binocular motion are more common in the primary visual cortex. Disruption of retinal direction selectivity in Frmd7 mutant mice reduces the number of translation-selective neurons in the primary visual cortex and translation- and rotation-selective neurons as well as binocular direction-selective neurons in the rostrolateral and anterior visual cortex, blurring the functional distinction between primary and higher visual areas. Thus, optic flow representations in specific areas of the visual cortex rely on binocular integration of motion information from the retina.
运动在视网膜上产生各种光流模式，为观察者提供关于其相对于环境运动的信息。然而，目前尚不清楚皮质如何对这些光流模式进行编码。在这里，我们使用清醒小鼠的双光子钙成像技术，系统地绘制了四个视觉皮层区域对水平运动的单眼和双眼反应。我们发现，对平移或旋转光流有选择性的神经元在高级视觉区域中很丰富，而被双眼运动抑制的神经元在初级视觉皮层中更为常见。Frmd7 突变小鼠视网膜方向选择性的破坏减少了初级视觉皮层中对平移运动有选择性的神经元的数量，以及对平移和旋转运动有选择性的神经元，以及在额侧和前侧视觉皮层中有选择性的双眼运动神经元，模糊了初级和高级视觉区域之间的功能区别。因此，视觉皮层特定区域的光流表示依赖于视网膜运动信息的双眼整合。
