Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders, Michigan State University, 1026 Red Cedar Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH 43212, USA.
Neurosci Res. 2021 Oct;171:49-61. doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2021.01.007. Epub 2021 Jan 20.
Caregivers modify their speech when talking to infants, a specific type of speech known as infant-directed speech (IDS). This speaking style facilitates language learning compared to adult-directed speech (ADS) in infants with normal hearing (NH). While infants with NH and those with cochlear implants (CIs) prefer listening to IDS over ADS, it is yet unknown how CI processing may affect the acoustic distinctiveness between ADS and IDS, as well as the degree of intelligibility of these. This study analyzed speech of seven female adult talkers to model the effects of simulated CI processing on (1) acoustic distinctiveness between ADS and IDS, (2) estimates of intelligibility of caregivers' speech in ADS and IDS, and (3) individual differences in caregivers' ADS-to-IDS modification and estimated speech intelligibility. Results suggest that CI processing is substantially detrimental to the acoustic distinctiveness between ADS and IDS, as well as to the intelligibility benefit derived from ADS-to-IDS modifications. Moreover, the observed variability across individual talkers in acoustic implementation of ADS-to-IDS modification and the estimated speech intelligibility was significantly reduced due to CI processing. The findings are discussed in the context of the link between IDS and language learning in infants with CIs.
照顾者在与婴儿交流时会改变他们的说话方式，这种特定类型的语言被称为婴儿导向语言（IDS）。与正常听力（NH）的婴儿相比，这种说话方式比成人导向语言（ADS）更有利于语言学习。虽然 NH 的婴儿和那些使用人工耳蜗（CI）的婴儿更喜欢听 IDS 而不是 ADS，但目前还不清楚 CI 处理如何影响 ADS 和 IDS 之间的声学差异，以及这些差异的可理解程度。本研究分析了 7 位女性成年说话者的言语，以模拟模拟 CI 处理对（1）ADS 和 IDS 之间的声学差异的影响，（2）ADS 和 IDS 中照顾者言语的可理解度的估计，以及（3）照顾者 ADS 到 IDS 修饰和估计言语可理解度的个体差异的影响。结果表明，CI 处理对 ADS 和 IDS 之间的声学差异以及 ADS 到 IDS 修饰所带来的可理解度益处有很大的不利影响。此外，由于 CI 处理，ADS 到 IDS 修饰的声学实现和估计的言语可理解度的个体差异的观察到的变异性显著降低。研究结果在 CI 婴儿的 IDS 与语言学习之间的联系的背景下进行了讨论。
