Gazi University, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Turkey.
Istanbul Medeniyet University, Department of Nursing, Turkey.
J Pediatr Nurs. 2021 May-Jun;58:e54-e62. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.01.001. Epub 2021 Jan 21.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the distraction cards, virtual reality and Buzzy® methods on venipuncture pain and anxiety in children aged 7-12 years.
This was a randomized controlled trial with parallel groups conducted between November 16, 2017 and August 14, 2018 at the pediatric venipuncture unit of a university hospital in Western Turkey. The sample consisted of 142 children who met the inclusion criteria. The experimental group consisted of 108 children divided into three groups: Distraction Cards (DC; n = 35), Virtual Reality (VR; n = 37), and Buzzy® (n = 36). The control group (n = 34) received no intervention during venipuncture. Data were collected using a descriptive characteristics form, and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Wong-Baker FACES, and Children's Fear Scale (CFS). The participants themselves and their parents and the researcher scored venipuncture pain and anxiety levels. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee. Permission was obtained from related institutions. Informed consent was obtained from parents. Verbal consent was obtained from children prior to participation.
Buzzy® group had the lowest mean VAS score (2.2 ± 2.0), followed by the VR (2.7 ± 2.8), DC (3.4 ± 2.4), and control (5.2 ± 2.8) groups (p < 0.05). According to all raters (child, parent, and researcher), the Buzzy® group had the lowest mean Wong Baker FACES score, followed by the VR, DC, and control groups (p < 0.05). According to all raters, the Buzzy® group had the lowest mean CFS score, followed by the VR, DC, and control groups (p < 0.05).
The DC, VR, and Buzzy® methods were effective in reducing venipuncture pain and anxiety in children.
Nurses can use the DC, VR, and Buzzy® methods to help reduce venipuncture pain and anxiety in children. The clinical trial registration number is NCT04421430. (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT04421430).
本研究旨在确定分心卡片、虚拟现实和 Buzzy® 等方法对 7-12 岁儿童静脉穿刺疼痛和焦虑的影响。
这是一项于 2017 年 11 月 16 日至 2018 年 8 月 14 日在土耳其西部一所大学医院儿科静脉穿刺室进行的随机对照试验，采用平行分组设计。该研究纳入了符合条件的 142 名儿童。实验组由 108 名儿童组成，分为三组：分心卡片（DC；n=35）、虚拟现实（VR；n=37）和 Buzzy®（n=36）。对照组（n=34）在静脉穿刺期间不接受任何干预。使用描述性特征表、视觉模拟量表（VAS）、Wong-Baker FACES 量表和儿童恐惧量表（CFS）收集数据。参与者本人、其父母和研究者均对静脉穿刺疼痛和焦虑水平进行了评分。该研究获得了伦理委员会的批准，并获得了相关机构的许可。在参与研究前，父母和孩子均签署了知情同意书。
Buzzy®组的 VAS 评分最低（2.2±2.0），其次是 VR 组（2.7±2.8）、DC 组（3.4±2.4）和对照组（5.2±2.8）（p<0.05）。根据所有评分者（儿童、父母和研究者）的评估，Buzzy®组的 Wong-Baker FACES 评分最低，其次是 VR 组、DC 组和对照组（p<0.05）。根据所有评分者的评估，Buzzy®组的 CFS 评分最低，其次是 VR 组、DC 组和对照组（p<0.05）。
分心卡片、虚拟现实和 Buzzy® 等方法可有效减轻儿童静脉穿刺疼痛和焦虑。
护士可以使用分心卡片、虚拟现实和 Buzzy® 等方法帮助减轻儿童静脉穿刺疼痛和焦虑。临床试验注册号为 NCT04421430。（https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT04421430）
