Jobbins Melina, Rücklin Martin, Argyriou Thodoris, Klug Christian
Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich, Karl-Schmid-Strasse 4, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland.
Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Swiss J Palaeontol. 2021;140(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s13358-020-00212-w. Epub 2021 Jan 14.
For the understanding of the evolution of jawed vertebrates and jaws and teeth, 'placoderms' are crucial as they exhibit an impressive morphological disparity associated with the early stages of this process. The Devonian of Morocco is famous for its rich occurrences of arthrodire 'placoderms'. While Late Devonian strata are rich in arthrodire remains, they are less common in older strata. Here, we describe a large tooth-bearing jaw element of gen. et sp. nov., an eubrachythoracid arthrodire from the Middle Devonian of Morocco. This species is based on a large posterior superognathal with a strong dentition. The jawbone displays features considered synapomorphies of Late Devonian eubrachythoracid arthrodires, with one posterior and one lateral row of conical teeth oriented postero-lingually. μCT-images reveal internal structures including pulp cavities and dentinous tissues. The posterior orientation of the teeth and the traces of a putative occlusal contact on the lingual side of the bone imply that these teeth were hardly used for feeding. Similar to and , functional teeth were possibly present during an earlier developmental stage and have been worn entirely. The morphological features of the jaw element suggest a close relationship with plourdosteids. Its size implies that the animal was rather large.
对于理解有颌脊椎动物以及颌骨和牙齿的演化而言,“盾皮鱼”至关重要,因为它们展现出了与这一过程早期阶段相关的惊人形态差异。摩洛哥的泥盆纪以其丰富的节甲目“盾皮鱼”化石而闻名。虽然晚泥盆世地层富含节甲目化石,但在更古老的地层中则较为少见。在此,我们描述了一种来自摩洛哥中泥盆世的真短胸节甲目节甲类新属新种的大型带齿颌骨元件。该物种基于一块带有强壮齿列的大型后上颚骨。颌骨呈现出被认为是晚泥盆世真短胸节甲目节甲类共衍征的特征,有一排后向和一排侧向的圆锥形牙齿,舌后向排列。μCT图像揭示了包括牙髓腔和牙质组织在内的内部结构。牙齿的后向排列以及骨舌侧假定咬合接触的痕迹表明这些牙齿几乎不用于进食。与[其他物种]类似,功能性牙齿可能在更早的发育阶段存在,并且已完全磨损。颌骨元件的形态特征表明它与褶鳞鱼科关系密切。其大小意味着该动物相当大。
Swiss J Palaeontol. 2021
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