Lewis Rayleen M, Laprise Jean-François, Gargano Julia W, Unger Elizabeth R, Querec Troy D, Chesson Harrell W, Brisson Marc, Markowitz Lauri E
Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada.
From the Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
Sex Transm Dis. 2021 Apr 1;48(4):273-277. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001356.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause anogenital warts and several types of cancer, including cervical cancers and precancers. We estimated the prevalence, incidence, and number of persons with prevalent and incident HPV infections in the United States in 2018.
Prevalence and incidence were estimated for infections with any HPV (any of 37 types detected using Linear Array) and disease-associated HPV, 2 types that cause anogenital warts plus 14 types detected by tests used for cervical cancer screening (HPV 6/11/16/18/31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59/66/68). We used the 2013-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to estimate prevalence among 15- to 59-year-olds, overall and by sex. Incidences in 2018 were estimated per 10,000 persons using an individual-based transmission-dynamic type-specific model calibrated to US data. We estimated number of infected persons by applying prevalences and incidences to 2018 US population estimates.
Prevalence of infection with any HPV was 40.0% overall, 41.8% in men, and 38.4% in women; prevalence of infection with disease-associated HPV was 24.2% in men and 19.9% in women. An estimated 23.4 and 19.2 million men and women had a disease-associated HPV type infection in 2018. Incidences of any and disease-associated HPV infection were 1222 and 672 per 10,000 persons; incidence of disease-associated HPV infection was 708 per 10,000 men and 636 per 10,000 women. An estimated 6.9 and 6.1 million men and women had an incident infection with a disease-associated HPV type in 2018.
We document a high HPV burden of infection in the United States in 2018, with 42 million persons infected with disease-associated HPV and 13 million persons acquiring a new infection. Although most infections clear, some disease-associated HPV type infections progress to disease. The HPV burden highlights the need for continued monitoring of HPV-associated cancers, cervical cancer screening, and HPV vaccination to track and prevent disease.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）可引发肛门生殖器疣以及多种癌症，包括宫颈癌和癌前病变。我们估算了2018年美国HPV现患感染、新发感染的患病率、发病率以及感染人数。
估算了任何HPV（使用线性阵列检测的37种类型中的任何一种）感染以及疾病相关HPV感染的患病率和发病率，疾病相关HPV包括导致肛门生殖器疣的2种类型以及通过宫颈癌筛查检测出的14种类型（HPV 6/11/16/18/31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59/66/68）。我们利用2013 - 2016年国家健康与营养检查调查来估算15至59岁人群总体以及按性别划分的患病率。2018年的发病率是使用基于个体的传播动力学型特异性模型，根据美国数据校准后，每10,000人估算得出。我们通过将患病率和发病率应用于2018年美国人口估算值来估算感染人数。
任何HPV感染的总体患病率为40.0%，男性为41.8%，女性为38.4%；疾病相关HPV感染的患病率男性为24.2%，女性为19.9%。2018年估计有2340万男性和1920万女性感染了疾病相关HPV类型。任何HPV感染和疾病相关HPV感染的发病率分别为每10,000人1222例和672例；疾病相关HPV感染的发病率男性为每10,000人708例，女性为每10,000人636例。2018年估计有690万男性和610万女性新发疾病相关HPV类型感染。
我们记录了2018年美国HPV感染负担沉重，有4200万人感染疾病相关HPV，1300万人获得新感染。尽管大多数感染会自行清除，但一些疾病相关HPV类型感染会发展为疾病。HPV负担凸显了持续监测HPV相关癌症、宫颈癌筛查以及HPV疫苗接种以追踪和预防疾病的必要性。
