Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Swartz Center for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Schizophr Res. 2021 Feb;228:280-287. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.12.042. Epub 2021 Jan 22.
Schizophrenia patients show widespread deficits in neurocognitive, clinical, and psychosocial functioning. Mismatch negativity (MMN) and gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR) are robust translational biomarkers associated with schizophrenia and associated with cognitive dysfunction, negative symptom severity, and psychosocial disability. Although these biomarkers are conceptually linked as measures of early auditory information processing, it is unclear whether MMN and gamma-band ASSR account for shared vs. non-shared variance in cognitive, clinical, and psychosocial functioning.
Multiple regression analyses with MMN, gamma-band ASSR, and clinical measures were performed in large cohorts of schizophrenia outpatients (N = 428) and healthy comparison subjects (N = 283).
Reduced MMN (d = 0.67), gamma-band ASSR (d = -0.40), and lower cognitive function were confirmed in schizophrenia patients. Regression analyses revealed that reduced MMN amplitude showed unique associations with lower verbal learning and negative symptoms, reduced gamma-band ASSR showed a unique association with working memory deficits, and both reduced MMN amplitude and reduced gamma-band ASSR showed an association with daily functioning impairment in schizophrenia patients.
MMN and ASSR measures are non-redundant and complementary measures of early auditory information processing that are associated with important domains of functioning. Studies are needed to clarify the neural substrates of MMN and gamma-band ASSR to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and accelerate their use in the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
精神分裂症患者在神经认知、临床和社会心理功能方面表现出广泛的缺陷。失匹配负波（MMN）和γ 波段听觉稳态响应（ASSR）是与精神分裂症相关的强大转化生物标志物，与认知功能障碍、阴性症状严重程度和社会心理残疾有关。尽管这些生物标志物在概念上与认知功能、临床和社会心理功能的共享或非共享方差相关联，但 MMN 和 γ 波段 ASSR 是否可以解释认知、临床和社会心理功能的共享或非共享方差尚不清楚。
在大型精神分裂症门诊患者（N=428）和健康对照组（N=283）队列中，进行了 MMN、γ 波段 ASSR 和临床测量的多元回归分析。
精神分裂症患者的 MMN（d=0.67）、γ 波段 ASSR（d=-0.40）和认知功能降低得到了确认。回归分析显示，MMN 幅度降低与言语学习和阴性症状降低、γ 波段 ASSR 降低与工作记忆缺陷具有独特的相关性，而 MMN 幅度降低和 γ 波段 ASSR 降低均与精神分裂症患者的日常功能障碍有关。
MMN 和 ASSR 测量是非冗余的、早期听觉信息处理的补充测量，与功能的重要领域有关。需要进一步的研究来阐明 MMN 和 γ 波段 ASSR 的神经基础，以提高我们对精神分裂症病理生理学的理解，并加速其在新型治疗干预措施开发中的应用。
