Zhou Haimei, Chen Yixin, Hu Yongqiang, Gao Shan, Lu Wei, He Yuyong
Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.
Department of Animal Science, Jiangxi Agricultural Engineering College, Zhangshu, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Jan 11;7:618660. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.618660. eCollection 2020.
Hoxa1 mutation adversely affect fetal pig development, but whether all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) administration to Hoxa1 pregnant sows can improve Hoxa1 fetal pig development defects has not been reported. A total of 24 healthy Hoxa1 sows were mated with a healthy Hoxa1 boar and randomly assigned to one control group and nine experiment groups. ATRA was orally administered to pregnant sows at the doses of 0, 4, 5, or 6 mg/kg maternal body weight on 12, 13, and 14 days post coitum (dpc), respectively, and a total of 146 live piglets were delivered including 37 Hoxa1 piglets and 109 non-Hoxa1 piglets. Results indicated that Hoxa1 piglets delivered by sows in control group had bilateral microtia, canal atresia and ear's internal defects, and had lower birth liveweight and external ear score than non-Hoxa1 neonatal piglets ( < 0.05). Maternal administration with ATRA can effectively correct the development defects of Hoxa1 fetal pigs, Hoxa1 neonatal piglets delivered by sows administered ATRA at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight on 14 dpc had higher birth liveweight ( > 0.05) and higher scores of external ear ( < 0.05) compared to Hoxa1 neonatal piglets from the control group, but had no significantly difference in terms of birth liveweight and external ear integrity than non-Hoxa1 piglets from the control group ( > 0.05). The time of ATRA administration significantly affected Hoxa1 fetal development ( < 0.05). Administration of ATRA to Hoxa1 pregnant sows at 4 mg/kg body weight on 14 dpc can effectively improve the birth liveweight and ear defects of Hoxa1 piglets.
Hoxa1基因突变对胎猪发育有不利影响，但给怀有Hoxa1基因突变胎儿的母猪施用全反式维甲酸（ATRA）是否能改善胎猪发育缺陷尚未见报道。选取24头健康的怀有Hoxa1基因突变胎儿的母猪与一头健康的Hoxa1基因突变公猪交配，随机分为1个对照组和9个实验组。分别于交配后第12、13和14天，按母体体重0、4、5或6 mg/kg的剂量给怀孕母猪口服ATRA，共产下146头存活仔猪，其中包括37头Hoxa1基因突变仔猪和109头非Hoxa1基因突变仔猪。结果显示，对照组母猪所产的Hoxa1基因突变仔猪存在双侧小耳畸形、耳道闭锁及内耳缺陷，其出生体重和外耳评分低于非Hoxa1基因突变新生仔猪（P<0.05）。母体施用ATRA可有效纠正Hoxa1基因突变胎猪的发育缺陷，于交配后第14天按4 mg/kg体重剂量施用ATRA的母猪所产的Hoxa1基因突变新生仔猪，与对照组的Hoxa1基因突变新生仔猪相比，出生体重更高（P>0.05），外耳评分更高（P<0.05），但与对照组的非Hoxa1基因突变仔猪相比，出生体重和外耳完整性无显著差异（P>0.05）。ATRA的施用时间显著影响Hoxa1基因突变胎儿的发育（P<0.05）。于交配后第14天按4 mg/kg体重给怀有Hoxa1基因突变胎儿的母猪施用ATRA，可有效提高Hoxa1基因突变仔猪的出生体重并改善耳部缺陷。
