Zhao Xiaoyan, Gao Jing, Kang Xinxin, Yan Shaohua, Li Ya, Huang Rui
Department of Neonatology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China. Corresponding author: Huang Rui, Email:
Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue. 2020 Dec;32(12):1487-1490. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121430-20200714-00521.
To explore the effect of main caregiver ability evaluation index system (MCAEIS) in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in the treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).
One hundred and eight cases of HIE preterm infants treated in NICU of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from August 2018 to August 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The infants were divided into routine nursing control group and MCAEIS group, 54 cases each. The control group recieved NICU routine care, and the MCAEIS group was given care by NICU MCAEIS. The nursing ability of the main caregivers in the two groups was evaluated by self-made caregiver ability self-assessment questionnaire; the neurological function was assessed by neonatal behavioral neurological score (NBNA) at discharge and one month after discharge; the incidence of neurological sequelae mental retardation [development quotient (DQ) < 75], epilepsy, cerebral palsy and so on were observed.
There were no significant differences in the scores of nursing knowledge, nursing technology or nursing ability between the two groups at admission, but the above scores were significantly improved in the two groups at discharge, and the scores of nursing knowledge, nursing technology and nursing ability of main caregivers in the MCAEIS group were significantly higher than those in the routine nursing control group (nursing knowledge score: 29.84±3.47 vs. 20.83±3.94,nursing technology: 31.47±4.56 vs. 25.12±4.18,nursing ability: 17.28±2.39 vs.12.83±4.78), with significant differences (all P < 0.05). One month after discharge, the neurological function score in MCAEIS group was significantly higher than that of routine nursing control group (39.67±3.76 vs. 35.87±5.71, P < 0.001). The incidence of neurological sequelae in MCAEIS group was significantly lower than that in the routine nursing control group [1.85% (1/54) vs. 12.96% (7/54), P = 0.031].
NICU MCAEIS could scientifically and systematically evaluate the nursing ability of the main caregivers, improve the nursing ability of children, and provide a reference for clinical nursing, which is worthy of widely application.
探讨主要照顾者能力评估指标体系（MCAEIS）在新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）中的作用。
回顾性分析2018年8月至2019年8月在河北医科大学第一医院NICU治疗的108例HIE早产儿。将患儿分为常规护理对照组和MCAEIS组，每组54例。对照组接受NICU常规护理，MCAEIS组采用NICU的MCAEIS进行护理。采用自制的照顾者能力自评问卷对两组主要照顾者的护理能力进行评估；出院时及出院后1个月采用新生儿行为神经评分（NBNA）评估神经功能；观察神经发育迟缓[发育商（DQ）<75]、癫痫、脑瘫等神经后遗症的发生率。
两组入院时护理知识、护理技术或护理能力评分比较，差异无统计学意义，但两组出院时上述评分均显著提高，且MCAEIS组主要照顾者的护理知识、护理技术和护理能力评分均显著高于常规护理对照组（护理知识评分：29.84±3.47 vs. 20.83±3.94，护理技术：31.47±4.56 vs. 25.12±4.18，护理能力：17.28±2.39 vs. 12.83±4.78），差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。出院后1个月，MCAEIS组神经功能评分显著高于常规护理对照组（39.67±3.76 vs. 35.87±5.71，P<0.001）。MCAEIS组神经后遗症发生率显著低于常规护理对照组[1.85%（1/54） vs. 12.96%（7/54），P=0.031]。
NICU的MCAEIS能够科学、系统地评估主要照顾者的护理能力，提高患儿的护理质量，为临床护理提供参考，值得广泛应用。
