Zhang C W, Wang C, Yang G, Hu W J, Han Z Y
Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2021 Feb 9;56(2):152-157. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20200711-00410.
To evaluate the factors associated with the gingival papilla deficiencies of different degrees between maxillary anterior teeth showing alveolar ridge absorption. A total of 64 gingival papillae between maxillary anterior teeth of 14 patients with periodontitis, who received periodontal treatment and regular review in the Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from June 2019 to December 2019, were observed in the present study. Indices were measured by using standardized clinical photographs and cone-beam CT images. The correlations between the gingival papilla deficiencies of different degrees and the distance from contact point to bone crest (CP-BC), the distance from proximal cemento-enamel junction to bone crest (pCEJ-BC), interproximal distance between roots (RD), the width of bone crest (BCW) and the height of gingival papilla (PH) were evaluated. Statistical analyses such as -test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and so on were conducted. The rate of maxillary anterior gingival papilla completely filled the adjacent spaces between anterior teeth was 28% (18/64) and the rate of gingival papilla with deficiencies was 72% (46/64). The mild, moderate and severe deficiencies were 36% (23/64), 27% (17/64) and 9% (6/64) respectively. When CP-BC≥7.0 mm or pCEJ-BC≥4.5 mm, only moderate or severe deficiencies appeared. However, when CP-BC<5.0 mm or pCEJ-BC<1.5 mm, only completely filled adjacent tooth space or mild deficiency appeared. There was a strong positive correlation between CP-BC and pCEJ-BC. The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.812 (<0.01), and the linear fitting coefficient was 0.93 (=0.659) (64 gingival papillae). There was no significant difference of RD for gingival papilla deficiencies of different degrees between maxillary anterior teeth (>0.05). BCW at the crest level increased slightly with the increase of the degree of gingival papilla deficiency, and the difference was statistically significant between completely filled adjacent tooth space and moderate or severe deficiency (<0.05). However, PH at the crest level decreased slightly with the increase of the degree of gingival papilla deficiency, and the difference was statistically significant between completely filled adjacent tooth space and moderate or severe deficiency (<0.05). When the alveolar ridge is absorbed, the rate of deficiency is significantly higher than the completely filled adjacent tooth space. The gingival papilla deficiencies of different degrees between maxillary anterior teeth are mainly associated with the absorption of bone crest.
评估上颌前牙牙槽嵴吸收患者不同程度牙龈乳头缺损的相关因素。本研究观察了2019年6月至2019年12月在北京大学口腔医院牙周科接受牙周治疗并定期复查的14例牙周炎患者上颌前牙间的64个牙龈乳头。通过标准化临床照片和锥形束CT图像测量指标。评估不同程度牙龈乳头缺损与接触点至牙槽嵴顶距离（CP-BC）、近中牙骨质-釉质界至牙槽嵴顶距离（pCEJ-BC）、牙根间近中距离（RD）、牙槽嵴顶宽度（BCW）和牙龈乳头高度（PH）之间的相关性。进行了t检验、方差分析、Pearson相关系数等统计分析。上颌前牙牙龈乳头完全充满邻牙间隙的比例为28%（18/64），存在缺损的牙龈乳头比例为72%（46/64）。轻度、中度和重度缺损分别为36%（23/64）、27%（17/64）和9%（6/64）。当CP-BC≥7.0 mm或pCEJ-BC≥4.5 mm时，仅出现中度或重度缺损。然而，当CP-BC<5.0 mm或pCEJ-BC<1.5 mm时，仅出现完全充满邻牙间隙或轻度缺损。CP-BC与pCEJ-BC之间存在强正相关。Pearson相关系数为0.812（<0.01），线性拟合系数为0.93（=0.659）（64个牙龈乳头）。上颌前牙不同程度牙龈乳头缺损的RD差异无统计学意义（>0.05）。牙槽嵴顶水平的BCW随牙龈乳头缺损程度增加略有增加，完全充满邻牙间隙与中度或重度缺损之间差异有统计学意义（<0.05）。然而，牙槽嵴顶水平的PH随牙龈乳头缺损程度增加略有降低，完全充满邻牙间隙与中度或重度缺损之间差异有统计学意义（<0.05）。牙槽嵴吸收时，缺损率显著高于完全充满邻牙间隙。上颌前牙不同程度的牙龈乳头缺损主要与牙槽嵴顶吸收有关。
