Ganesh Balasubramanian, Rajakumar Thangarasu, Acharya Subhendu Kumar, Kaur Harpreet
Laboratory Division, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India.
ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR-RMRC), Bhubaneshwar, India.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Dec;35(25):4897-4904. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1872536. Epub 2021 Feb 9.
To evaluate the studies which have reported the prevalence of maternal complications and outcomes for women with SCA/SCD. Healthy populations make a healthy community and improve the future for mankind. Pregnant women are an essential segment of humanity as they bear the fetus and supply nutrition for their development throughout the gestational period. Their health status and disease conditions also play a vital role in deciding the future of the offspring. The Mesh terms: "Haemoglobinopathies" + "Sickle cell anemia" + "Sickle cell disease" + "Ethnic tribes" + "Pregnancy outcomes" + "India" were used to search the literature available from public databases such as "PubMed", "PubMed Central" "Google Scholar", "Science Direct" and "Scopus" and the same is checked for removing repetitions. The data was extracted and collected literature was thoroughly analysed. SCD/SCA is a commonly prevalent hereditary hemoglobinopathy disease and is related to augmented risk factors and premature mortality. SCD severely affects pregnancy, which leads to the elevated occurrence of perinatal and maternal outcomes such as pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, abortions, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), etc., and sufficient care during the pregnancy guarantees an improved outcome. Due to the best health care conveniences, availability of drugs such as hydroxyurea, antibiotic prophylaxis, and vaccination, the life expectancy of SCD patients has greatly improved in recent times though directly related to the access and services available at the healthcare facilities for the needy and poor. Moreover, the latest innovations in the fields of prenatal screening and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), facilitate partners suffering from SCA/SCD to have a healthy child. There are no available studies on the prevalence of SCA/SCD in pregnant women among ethnic tribal populations from India. This review article is focused on the effects of SCA/SCD on pregnancy outcomes, the consistent follow-up, routine check-ups and successful management of complications throughout pregnancy, the various diagnostic methods toward preventive methods, curative and management therapeutic strategies and also defines the perinatal and maternal outcomes in the ethnic tribal populations of India.
评估那些报告了镰状细胞贫血（SCA）/镰状细胞病（SCD）女性孕产妇并发症及结局发生率的研究。健康的人群造就健康的社区，并改善人类的未来。孕妇是人类的重要组成部分，因为她们孕育胎儿并在整个妊娠期为胎儿发育提供营养。她们的健康状况和疾病情况在决定后代的未来方面也起着至关重要的作用。使用“血红蛋白病”+“镰状细胞贫血”+“镰状细胞病”+“种族部落”+“妊娠结局”+“印度”等医学主题词，在“PubMed”“PubMed Central”“谷歌学术”“科学Direct”和“Scopus”等公共数据库中检索可得文献，并检查重复情况。提取数据并对收集到的文献进行全面分析。SCD/SCA是一种常见的遗传性血红蛋白病，与风险因素增加和过早死亡有关。SCD严重影响妊娠，导致子痫前期、子痫、流产、宫内生长受限（IUGR）等围产期和孕产妇结局的发生率升高，孕期的充分护理可确保改善结局。由于有了最佳的医疗便利条件、羟基脲等药物的可得性、抗生素预防和疫苗接种，近年来SCD患者的预期寿命有了很大提高，不过这直接与医疗设施为贫困和有需要者提供的服务和可及性有关。此外，产前筛查和植入前基因诊断（PGD）领域的最新创新，使患有SCA/SCD的夫妇能够生育健康的孩子。目前尚无关于印度种族部落人群中孕妇SCA/SCD发生率的研究。这篇综述文章聚焦于SCA/SCD对妊娠结局的影响、整个孕期并发症的持续随访、常规检查和成功管理、各种诊断方法、预防方法、治疗和管理策略，还界定了印度种族部落人群的围产期和孕产妇结局。
