Hema A, Poda A, Tougouma J-B, Meda C, Kabore F, Zoungrana J, Kamoule E, Sore I, Bado G, Ouedraogo A-S, Sawadogo A-B, Millogo A
Hôpital de jour du service de maladies infectieuses, CHU Souro Sanou, 01 BP 676, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Hôpital de jour du service de maladies infectieuses, CHU Souro Sanou, 01 BP 676, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; Institut national des sciences de la santé, Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2021 Apr;69(2):72-77. doi: 10.1016/j.respe.2020.12.001. Epub 2021 Feb 6.
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent the leading causes of death worldwide. HIV also increases the risk of developing NCDs including diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
A cross-sectional study, based on an analysis of the cohort database of the day hospital of the Souro Sanou teaching hospital in Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso). Diabetes mellitus was defined by the undergoing of anti-diabetic treatment or two successive measurements of fasting blood sugar above 7mmol/l and high blood pressure by the undergoing of antihypertensive treatment or two successive measurements of blood pressure above 140/90mmHg. Comparison of the frequency of diabetes and hypertension in the people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) population on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with that of the general population of Burkina Faso was made by indirect standardization according to age and gender.
A total of 4259 patients including 3148 women (73.9%) were included in this study. The median age of the patients was 45 years (IQR: 38-52); the median body mass index (BMI) was 19.6kg/m (IQR: 15.4 - 22.7) and 48.3% of patients had a BMI≥25kg/m. The median CD4 count was 590 cells/mm (IQR: 417-785). The median ART duration was 8.2 years (IQR: 4.7-11.2). The majority of patients (82.9%) were on treatment combinations consisting in 2 INTI+1 NNRTI. Prevalence of hypertension was 39.8%; it was statistically higher in men than in women (45.8% versus 37.8%). Prevalence of hypertension was 87.0% higher in the PLWHA population than among same-sex and same-age subjects in the general population. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 7.3%. Diabetes mellitus was more common in men than in women (10.1% versus 6.3%; P<10). Prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 36.0% higher in the PLWHA population than among same-sex and same-age subjects in the general population.
Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension was higher among PLHWA undergoing ART than in the general population. Care for the PLHWA population should more widely include NCD treatment.
非传染性疾病是全球主要死因。艾滋病毒也会增加患非传染性疾病的风险，包括糖尿病和高血压。
一项横断面研究，基于对布基纳法索博博迪乌拉索苏罗萨努教学医院日间医院队列数据库的分析。糖尿病的定义为正在接受抗糖尿病治疗或连续两次空腹血糖测量值高于7mmol/l，高血压的定义为正在接受抗高血压治疗或连续两次血压测量值高于140/90mmHg。根据年龄和性别，通过间接标准化方法比较接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者（PLWHA）人群中糖尿病和高血压的发生率与布基纳法索普通人群的发生率。
本研究共纳入4259例患者，其中3148例为女性（73.9%）。患者的中位年龄为45岁（四分位间距：38 - 52岁）；中位体重指数（BMI）为19.6kg/m（四分位间距：15.4 - 22.7），48.3%的患者BMI≥25kg/m。中位CD4细胞计数为590个/mm（四分位间距：417 - 785）。ART的中位疗程为8.2年（四分位间距：4.7 - 11.2）。大多数患者（82.9%）接受的治疗方案为2种整合酶抑制剂 + 1种非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂。高血压患病率为39.8%；男性患病率在统计学上高于女性（45.8%对37.8%）。PLWHA人群中高血压患病率比普通人群中同性和同龄受试者高87.0%。糖尿病患病率为7.3%。糖尿病在男性中比在女性中更常见（10.1%对6.3%；P<0.1）。PLWHA人群中糖尿病患病率比普通人群中同性和同龄受试者高36.0%。
接受ART的PLWHA中糖尿病和高血压的患病率高于普通人群。对PLWHA人群的护理应更广泛地包括非传染性疾病的治疗。
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