Casanovas Marta, Kramer Tami, Clarke Venetia, Goddard Andrea, M Elena Garralda, Khadr Sophie
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK.
The Havens. King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Psychol Health Med. 2022 Mar;27(3):546-558. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2021.1874437. Epub 2021 Feb 11.
Adults and young people with somatoform disorders and somatic symptoms retrospectively report high rates of sexual abuse. We aimed to assess somatic symptoms in young people in the aftermath of a sexual assault and to document links with assault characteristics, with psychopathology and with related functional impairment. This was a prospective cohort study of adolescents seen in specialized clinics in London in the first 6 weeks following a sexual assault and at 4-5 months follow-up. We enquired about somatic symptoms (headaches, abdominal pain and sickness) pre and post assault, and we assessed psychiatric disorders and functional impairment at follow-up using validated scales. Information was obtained on 94 females (mean age 15.6, SD 1.3). There was a statistically significant increase in the number of adolescents reporting somatic symptoms at 4-5-month follow-up (65/94, 69%) (p = 0.035), compared with estimated pre-assault rates (52/94, 55%) and a significant increase in somatic symptoms at follow-up among the victims of violent sexual abuse (p < .001). Subjects with somatic symptoms at follow-up had significant higher rates of psychiatric disorders - especially generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder and major depressive disorders - as well as lower psychosocial functioning (p < 0.01), than those without somatic symptoms.
患有躯体形式障碍和躯体症状的成年人及年轻人回顾性报告显示遭受性虐待的比例很高。我们旨在评估遭受性侵犯的年轻人的躯体症状,并记录这些症状与侵犯特征、精神病理学以及相关功能损害之间的联系。这是一项前瞻性队列研究,研究对象为在伦敦专科诊所就诊的青少年,他们在遭受性侵犯后的前6周以及4至5个月的随访期内接受观察。我们询问了侵犯前后的躯体症状(头痛、腹痛和恶心),并在随访时使用经过验证的量表评估精神障碍和功能损害情况。共获取了94名女性(平均年龄15.6岁,标准差1.3)的信息。与估计的侵犯前比例(52/94,55%)相比,在4至5个月随访时报告有躯体症状的青少年人数(65/94,69%)有统计学显著增加(p = 0.035),并且在遭受暴力性虐待的受害者中,随访时躯体症状有显著增加(p < 0.001)。随访时有躯体症状的受试者患精神障碍的比例显著更高——尤其是广泛性焦虑障碍、惊恐障碍和重度抑郁症——并且心理社会功能比没有躯体症状的受试者更低(p < 0.01)。