Bari Dindar S
Department of Physics, University of Zakho, Zakho, Kurdistan region, Iraq.
J Electr Bioimpedance. 2019 Dec 26;10(1):65-72. doi: 10.2478/joeb-2019-0010. eCollection 2019 Jan.
Spontaneous fluctuations in electrodermal responses are known as nonspecific electrodermal responses (NS.EDRs). The use of NS.EDRs as a tool in applied psychophysiological research has resulted in a variety of publications. NS.EDRs are examined separately as associated with the (as a biomarker of) levels of anxiety. The aim of this study was to compare changes (in terms of amplitude, frequency and time components) in NS.EDRs at two different (pre and post of an external stimulus) resting phases. NS.EDRs (nonspecific skin conductance responses (NS.SCRs), nonspecific skin potential responses (NS.SPRs), and nonspecific skin susceptance responses (NS.SSRs)) were recorded from 50 apparently healthy volunteers simultaneously at the same skin area. They were scored as NS.SCRs and NS.SSRs for changes greater than 0.02 μS and NS.SPRs greater than 0.02 mV. It was found that NS.EDRs, in particular NS.SCRs and NS.SPRs, were significantly changed in the second resting period, following the specific stimulus. More specifically, the amplitude of NS.EDRs were significantly decreased for NS.SCRs (<0.001) and for NS.SPRs (p<0.005), but NS.SSRs remained stable. Moreover, the rise time of NS.SCRs was decreased in the second resting time. Furthermore, the frequency of responses was also changed. The computed NS.EDRs, in particular NS.SCRs and NS.SPRs could be of psychological interest and be used to study the electrodermal responses in detail. NS.SSRs were found to be robust with respect to nonspecific stimuli at various relaxation periods and their role was found to be less important in analysis of NS.EDRs in comparison to NS.SCRs and NS.SPRs at low frequency (20 Hz AC current). This should be considered in analysis of NS.EDRs. The computed NS.EDRs, especially NS.SCRs and NS.SPRs may be used as a useful measure of arousal due to their fast response and sensitivity to nonspecific stimuli and may also be used in assessment of individual differences.
皮肤电反应中的自发波动被称为非特异性皮肤电反应（NS.EDRs）。将NS.EDRs用作应用心理生理学研究工具已产生了大量相关出版物。NS.EDRs作为与焦虑水平相关的指标（作为一种生物标志物）被单独研究。本研究的目的是比较在两个不同的（外部刺激前后的）静息阶段，NS.EDRs在幅度、频率和时间成分方面的变化。从50名表面健康的志愿者的同一皮肤区域同时记录NS.EDRs（非特异性皮肤电导反应（NS.SCRs）、非特异性皮肤电位反应（NS.SPRs）和非特异性皮肤电纳反应（NS.SSRs））。当变化大于0.02μS时将其计为NS.SCRs和NS.SSRs，大于0.02mV时计为NS.SPRs。研究发现，在特定刺激后的第二个静息期，NS.EDRs，特别是NS.SCRs和NS.SPRs发生了显著变化。更具体地说，NS.SCRs（<0.001）和NS.SPRs（p<0.005）的NS.EDRs幅度显著降低，但NS.SSRs保持稳定。此外，NS.SCRs的上升时间在第二个静息期减少。此外，反应频率也发生了变化。计算得出的NS.EDRs，特别是NS.SCRs和NS.SPRs可能具有心理学意义，可用于详细研究皮肤电反应。研究发现NS.SSRs在不同放松期对非特异性刺激具有较强抗性，并且与低频（20Hz交流电流）下的NS.SCRs和NS.SPRs相比，其在NS.EDRs分析中的作用不那么重要。在分析NS.EDRs时应考虑这一点。计算得出的NS.EDRs，尤其是NS.SCRs和NS.SPRs，由于其快速反应和对非特异性刺激的敏感性，可能用作唤醒的有效指标，也可用于评估个体差异。
