Department of Ecology, Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Romanian Academy, Institute of Biology Bucharest, street Splaiul Independenţei, no. 296, PO-BOX 56-53, 0603100, Bucharest, Romania.
Faculty of Natural Sciences, University Ovidius Constanţa, Constanţa, Romania.
Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 15;11(1):3794. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83417-4.
The aim of the present study was to establish the effect of management type and of environmental variables on the structure, abundance and species richness of soil mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) in twelve urban green areas in Bucharest-Romania. Three categories of ecosystem based upon management type were investigated: protected area, managed (metropolitan, municipal and district parks) and unmanaged urban areas. The environmental variables which were analysed were: soil and air temperature, soil moisture and atmospheric humidity, soil pH and soil penetration resistance. In June 2017, 480 soil samples were taken, using MacFadyen soil core. The same number of measures was made for quantification of environmental variables. Considering these, we observed that soil temperature, air temperature, air humidity and soil penetration resistance differed significantly between all three types of managed urban green area. All investigated environmental variables, especially soil pH, were significantly related to community assemblage. Analysing the entire Mesostigmata community, 68 species were identified, with 790 individuals and 49 immatures. In order to highlight the response of the soil mite communities to the urban conditions, Shannon, dominance, equitability and soil maturity indices were quantified. With one exception (numerical abundance), these indices recorded higher values in unmanaged green areas compared to managed ecosystems. The same trend was observed between different types of managed green areas, with metropolitan parks having a richer acarological fauna than the municipal or district parks.
本研究旨在确定管理类型和环境变量对罗马尼亚布加勒斯特 12 个城市绿地土壤螨（节肢动物：真螨目）结构、丰度和物种丰富度的影响。根据管理类型，我们调查了三类生态系统：保护区、管理区（大都市、市立和区立公园）和未管理的城市区域。分析的环境变量包括：土壤和空气温度、土壤湿度和大气湿度、土壤 pH 值和土壤穿透阻力。2017 年 6 月，使用 MacFadyen 土壤芯采集了 480 个土壤样本。同时对环境变量进行了相同数量的量化测量。考虑到这些因素，我们观察到所有三种管理类型的城市绿地之间，土壤温度、空气温度、空气湿度和土壤穿透阻力均有显著差异。所有调查的环境变量，特别是土壤 pH 值，与群落组合有显著关系。分析整个真螨目群落，共鉴定出 68 个物种，有 790 个个体和 49 个若虫。为了突出土壤螨群落对城市条件的响应，我们量化了香农、优势度、均度和土壤成熟度指数。除了一个例外（数量丰度），这些指数在未管理的绿地中比管理的生态系统记录的数值更高。在不同类型的管理绿地之间也观察到了相同的趋势，大都市公园的节肢动物区系比市立或区立公园更丰富。
