[喀麦隆血液透析医护人员的职业倦怠综合征：患病率及相关因素]

[Burnout syndrome in hemodialysis health workers in Cameroon: Prevalence and associated factors].

作者信息

Fouda Menye Ebana Hermine Danielle, Ngassa Adrien, Folefack François Kaze, Maimouna Mahamat, Djantio Hilaire, Teuwafeu Denis Georges, Alex Mambap, Halle Marie-Patrice, Enow Gloria Ashuntantang, Djemo Jean-Baptiste Fotso

机构信息

Hôpital général de Douala, BP 4856, Douala, Cameroun; Faculté de médecine et des sciences biomédicales, université de Yaoundé 1, BP 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroun.

Université des Montagnes de Bangangté, BP 208, Bangangté, Cameroun.

出版信息

Nephrol Ther. 2021 Apr;17(2):120-127. doi: 10.1016/j.nephro.2020.11.004. Epub 2021 Feb 19.

DOI:10.1016/j.nephro.2020.11.004

PMID:33612419

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Hemodialysis medical staffs usually work in a stressful environment. In low resource countries, professional conditions are worse and can lead to burnout syndrome. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of burnout syndrome and its associated factors in hemodialysis health care workers in Cameroon.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We conducted a cross sectional study in all hemodialysis centers from Cameroon between January to August 2017. The Maslach Burnout Inventory was used for assessment of burnout level. Burnout syndrome was defined as the presence of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization or decreased professional achievement.

RESULTS

A total of 92 health workers (women 60%; n=55) among 105 identified were recorded. The median age was 42 years. Most of the workers were nurses (78.5%) and 8.5% were nephrologists. Burnout syndrome was found in 76 (82.6%) workers, 35 (38%) had emotional exhaustion, 44 (48%) depersonalization and 57 (62%) decreased professional achievements. Burnout was significantly more prevalent in overcrowded centers (100% vs. 47%; P<0.001). Hemodialysis position<5 years was less prevalent in participants with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Desire to change position (OR 19.61 [2.074-185.4]; P=0,009) was associated with burnout syndrome.

CONCLUSION

Burnout syndrome is very common among Cameroonian hemodialysis medical staff. Improvement of work conditions, limiting posting in hemodialysis to less than 5 years and change of position when requested may be potential preventive measures.

摘要

背景

血液透析医护人员通常在压力较大的环境中工作。在资源匮乏的国家，职业条件更差，可能导致职业倦怠综合征。本研究的目的是确定喀麦隆血液透析医护人员中职业倦怠综合征的患病率及其相关因素。

患者与方法

我们于2017年1月至8月在喀麦隆所有血液透析中心进行了一项横断面研究。采用马氏职业倦怠量表评估职业倦怠水平。职业倦怠综合征的定义为存在情感耗竭、去人格化或职业成就感降低。

结果

在105名被识别的医护人员中，共记录了92名（女性占60%；n = 55）。中位年龄为42岁。大多数工作人员是护士（78.5%），8.5%是肾病学家。76名（82.6%）工作人员存在职业倦怠综合征，35名（38%）有情感耗竭，44名（48%）去人格化，57名（62%）职业成就感降低。在过度拥挤的中心，职业倦怠的患病率显著更高（100%对47%；P<0.001）。从事血液透析工作<5年的情况在有情感耗竭和去人格化的参与者中较少见。希望换岗（比值比19.61[2.074 - 185.4]；P = 0.009）与职业倦怠综合征相关。