美国的种族、族裔、妇女、婴儿与儿童营养补充计划参与情况及婴儿健康差异
Race, ethnicity, WIC participation, and infant health disparities in the United States.
作者信息
Testa Alexander, Jackson Dylan B
机构信息
Department of Criminology & Criminal Justice, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX.
Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Jons Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
出版信息
Ann Epidemiol. 2021 Jun;58:22-28. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.02.005. Epub 2021 Feb 21.
PURPOSE
This study examines the association between race and ethnicity, participation in The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), and a series of infant health outcomes including infant mortality, low birth weight, preterm birth, extended infant hospitalization, and stays in the neonatal infant care unit (NICU).
METHODS
Data are from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), 2009-2017. Moderation analyses were conducted to assess the association between maternal race and ethnicity, WIC participation, and infant health.
RESULTS
Results indicate infants born to Black women and to a lesser extent Hispanic woman are in worse health than those born to White mothers in the United States. However, participation in WIC is associated with reductions in the gap in infant health experienced by racial and ethnic minorities.
CONCLUSIONS
Prenatal WIC participation is associated with improvements in the health of Black and Hispanic infants and reduced racial and ethnic disparities in infant health outcomes.
目的
本研究探讨种族和族裔、参与妇女、婴儿和儿童特别补充营养计划（WIC）与一系列婴儿健康结局之间的关联，这些结局包括婴儿死亡率、低出生体重、早产、婴儿住院时间延长以及新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）住院情况。
方法
数据来自2009 - 2017年的妊娠风险评估监测系统（PRAMS）。进行了调节分析以评估孕产妇种族和族裔、WIC参与情况与婴儿健康之间的关联。
结果
结果表明，在美国，黑人女性所生婴儿以及程度稍轻的西班牙裔女性所生婴儿的健康状况比白人母亲所生婴儿更差。然而，参与WIC与减少少数种族和族裔婴儿在健康方面的差距相关。
结论
产前参与WIC与改善黑人和西班牙裔婴儿的健康状况以及减少婴儿健康结局方面的种族和族裔差异相关。
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