Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
Istanbul Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
J Adv Nurs. 2021 Jun;77(6):2709-2717. doi: 10.1111/jan.14793. Epub 2021 Feb 28.
The aim of this study was to identify the clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and the existing nursing problems based on the Omaha System, and to establish a comprehensive nursing care management plan by determining the nursing interventions and care outcomes.
This study used a descriptive cross-sectional design.
This study was conducted in a training and research hospital with 25 non-intubated COVID-19 inpatients between 6 April and 13 May 2020 in Turkey. Data were collected using a Socio-demographic and Clinical Characteristics Form, the COVID-19 Response Separate Guidelines and the Omaha System and Nightingale Notes software. Data were analysed using descriptive statistical tests and the chi-square method.
Using the Omaha System, it was shown that the patients' most common problems were communicable/infectious condition, respiration, circulation, pain, nutrition, personal care and substance use respectively. The most common signs and symptoms were signs of infection, fever, cough, respiratory distress and pain. The interventions that were performed most frequently to the patients included infection precautions, medication action/side effects, signs/symptoms-physical, dietary management and nursing care targets for intervention. These interventions were applied using the category of teaching, guidance and counselling. A significant improvement was observed in the patients' pre- and post-intervention knowledge, behaviour and status scores.
The results showed that the Omaha System provided effective guidelines for diagnosing the problems, planning and implementing appropriate interventions for the COVID-19 patients. Therefore, it is recommended to use the Omaha System in nursing care of COVID-19 patients.
This is the first study to identify the nursing problems of COVID-19 patients and to evaluate the outcomes of nursing interventions and care using an international taxonomy along with electronic health record software. The findings of this study can provide evidence-based guidelines addressing the nursing problems, interventions and outcomes of COVID-19 patients.
本研究旨在基于奥马哈系统确定 COVID-19 患者的临床特征和现存护理问题，并通过确定护理干预措施和护理结果来制定全面的护理管理计划。
本研究采用描述性横断面设计。
本研究在土耳其的一家培训和研究医院进行，纳入了 2020 年 4 月 6 日至 5 月 13 日期间的 25 名非插管 COVID-19 住院患者。使用社会人口统计学和临床特征表、COVID-19 单独应对指南以及奥马哈系统和南丁格尔笔记软件收集数据。使用描述性统计检验和卡方检验对数据进行分析。
使用奥马哈系统，结果显示患者最常见的问题分别是传染性/感染状况、呼吸、循环、疼痛、营养、个人护理和物质使用。最常见的体征和症状是感染迹象、发热、咳嗽、呼吸窘迫和疼痛。对患者进行的最常见干预措施包括感染预防措施、药物作用/副作用、体征/症状-身体、饮食管理和护理干预目标。这些干预措施是通过教学、指导和咨询类别进行的。患者的知识、行为和状态评分在干预前后均有显著提高。
结果表明，奥马哈系统为诊断 COVID-19 患者的问题、为其计划和实施适当的干预措施提供了有效指南。因此，建议在 COVID-19 患者的护理中使用奥马哈系统。
这是第一项使用国际分类法和电子健康记录软件确定 COVID-19 患者的护理问题并评估护理干预措施和护理结果的研究。本研究的结果可为 COVID-19 患者的护理问题、干预措施和结果提供循证指南。
