Chen Wei, Li Junjiao, Zhang Xiaoxia, Dong Yuanyuan, Shi Pei, Luo Pinchao, Zheng Xifu
Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China.
College of Teacher Education, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou, China.
Behav Res Ther. 2021 Apr;139:103831. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2021.103831. Epub 2021 Feb 20.
The retrieval-extinction paradigm, a non-invasive memory intervention that is methodologically similar to exposure therapy, has significant clinical application prospects for targeting memory reconsolidation. However, it is difficult to distinguish whether the effect of preventing the return of fear by retrieval-extinction depends upon the reconsolidation-based mechanism or extinction-based mechanism. This study tested extinction retention shortly after intervention to determine whether retrieval-extinction is a reconsolidation-based approach or extinction-based approach as well as exploring the effect of sleep. In our experiment, the effects on fear conditional memory of standard extinction, retrieval-extinction, and extinction-retrieval were compared using the fear test at 3 h, 12 h without a night's sleep, and 12 h with a night's sleep after the intervention. The results showed that standard extinction and extinction-retrieval procedures reduce fear 3 h after intervention, while retrieval-extinction procedure reduces fear 12 h with a night's sleep after the intervention. The results suggest that standard extinction and extinction-retrieval create an extinction memory trace that competes with original memory trace, only retrieval-extinction update the original memory trace through memory reconsolidation. These findings provide solid evidence for the reconsolidation mechanism of the retrieval-extinction paradigm and highlight the effect of sleep on memory reconsolidation.
提取-消退范式是一种非侵入性记忆干预方法，在方法上与暴露疗法相似，在针对记忆重新巩固方面具有重要的临床应用前景。然而，很难区分提取-消退防止恐惧重现的效果是取决于基于重新巩固的机制还是基于消退的机制。本研究在干预后不久测试消退保持情况，以确定提取-消退是基于重新巩固的方法还是基于消退的方法，并探索睡眠的影响。在我们的实验中，在干预后的3小时、未睡眠一晚后的12小时以及睡眠一晚后的12小时进行恐惧测试，比较标准消退、提取-消退和消退-提取对恐惧条件记忆的影响。结果表明，标准消退和消退-提取程序在干预后3小时减轻恐惧，而提取-消退程序在干预后睡眠一晚的12小时减轻恐惧。结果表明，标准消退和消退-提取产生了与原始记忆痕迹竞争的消退记忆痕迹，只有提取-消退通过记忆重新巩固更新了原始记忆痕迹。这些发现为提取-消退范式的重新巩固机制提供了确凿证据，并突出了睡眠对记忆重新巩固的影响。
