Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States.
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States.
Gait Posture. 2022 Jun;95:270-276. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.01.025. Epub 2021 Feb 17.
After experiencing an unexpected slip perturbation, individuals' behavioral performance can be classified into three categories: recovery, feet-forward fall, and split fall. Researchers are uncertain whether these differences in slip outcomes are due to distinct strategies or part of a single strategy.
Whether older adults with different behavioral outcomes during their novel slip have different kinematic synergies?
The kinematic synergies were extracted from segment angles in 87 participants using principal component analysis (PCA). The first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) in pre-slip, early-reactive, and late-reactive phases were compared across different slip outcomes.
Results showed that the kinematic synergies in pre-slip and early-reactive phases are highly consistent among the three outcomes (recovery, split fall, and feet-forward fall). For the late-reactive phase, both split falls and feet-forward falls showed different kinematics synergies from recoveries.
Our findings indicated that a single strategy might be used for different slip outcomes in the pre-slip and early-reactive phases, while distinct strategies were used by fallers compared to recovered individuals. Specifically, larger trunk flexion in pre-slip phase, larger knee flexion and plantar flexion of the slipping limb in both early-reactive and late-reactive phase, and larger knee extension of the recovery limb in late-reactive phase would lower the fall risk. This study would help to assess the vulnerabilities in control strategy, according to which individualized treatment could be provided to reduce predisposition to specific types of falls.
在经历意外滑倒扰动后，个体的行为表现可分为三类：恢复、前向摔倒和分腿摔倒。研究人员不确定这些不同的滑倒结果是由于不同的策略还是单一策略的一部分。
在新颖滑倒过程中具有不同行为结果的老年人是否具有不同的运动协同作用？
使用主成分分析（PCA）从 87 名参与者的关节角度中提取运动协同作用。比较了不同滑倒结果在预滑、早期反应和晚期反应阶段的前两个主成分（PC1 和 PC2）。
结果表明，在预滑和早期反应阶段，三种结果（恢复、分腿摔倒和前向摔倒）的运动协同作用高度一致。对于晚期反应阶段，分腿摔倒和前向摔倒与恢复相比表现出不同的运动协同作用。
我们的研究结果表明，在预滑和早期反应阶段，单一策略可能用于不同的滑倒结果，而摔倒者与恢复者相比使用了不同的策略。具体而言，在预滑阶段，较大的躯干屈曲，在早期和晚期反应阶段，滑倒侧较大的膝关节屈曲和足底屈曲，以及在晚期反应阶段，恢复侧较大的膝关节伸展，可降低摔倒风险。本研究有助于评估控制策略的脆弱性，根据该策略可以提供个体化治疗以降低特定类型摔倒的倾向。
