埃塞俄比亚干燥人骶骨中骶管裂孔的形态学和形态测量学变异评估

Assessment of Morphological and Morphometrical Variations of Sacral Hiatus in Dry Human Sacrum in Ethiopia.

作者信息

Abera Zerihun, Girma Amanuel, Bekele Assegedech, Oumer Mohammed

机构信息

Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arsi University, Arsi, Oromia, Ethiopia.

Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia.

出版信息

Local Reg Anesth. 2021 Feb 24;14:25-32. doi: 10.2147/LRA.S277556. eCollection 2021.

DOI:10.2147/LRA.S277556

PMID:33658843

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7917331/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The sacral hiatus is an opening present at the lower end of the sacral canal. The anatomy of the sacral hiatus and its variations are clinically important during administration of caudal epidural block (CEB) in obstetrics and gynecology, orthopedic, urology and general surgical practices. The success and reliability of CEB depends upon the sound knowledge of anatomical variations of the sacral hiatus.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess the morphological and morphometric variation of the sacral hiatus in dry human sacrum.

METHODS

An institution-based observational cross-sectional study design was conducted to assess morphological and morphometric variations of the sacral hiatus in 61 dry human sacrum specimens at the anatomy departments of Gondar, Addis Ababa, Hawassa and Jimma universities and Hayat and Korea Medical Colleges in Addis Ababa. Descriptive analysis was applied to analyze the data.

RESULTS

The most commonly recorded shape of the sacral hiatus is inverted-V (41%) followed by inverted-U (37.7%). The least common was complete bifida (1.6%). The apex of the sacral hiatus is mostly seen at the level of the 4th sacral vertebra (60.7%), while the base is commonly located at the level of the 5th sacral vertebra (78.7%). The mean length of the sacral hiatus is 22.67 ± 11.84 mm. The mean transverse width and mean anteroposterior diameter of the sacral hiatus at the apex are 13.14 mm ± 2.85 mm and 5.57 mm ± 1.53 mm, respectively.

CONCLUSION

The sacral hiatus has anatomical variations. These variations should be kept in mind during administration of caudal epidural anesthesia and analgesia.

摘要

背景

骶管裂孔是骶管下端的一个开口。在妇产科、骨科、泌尿外科及普通外科进行骶管硬膜外阻滞（CEB）时，骶管裂孔的解剖结构及其变异具有重要临床意义。CEB的成功与可靠性取决于对骶管裂孔解剖变异的充分了解。

目的

本研究旨在评估干燥人骶骨中骶管裂孔的形态学和形态测量学变异。

方法

在贡德尔、亚的斯亚贝巴、哈瓦萨和吉姆马大学以及亚的斯亚贝巴的哈亚特和韩国医学院解剖学系，对61个干燥人骶骨标本进行基于机构的观察性横断面研究设计，以评估骶管裂孔的形态学和形态测量学变异。采用描述性分析对数据进行分析。

结果

最常记录到的骶管裂孔形状为倒V形（41%），其次是倒U形（37.7%）。最不常见的是完全性脊柱裂（1.6%）。骶管裂孔的顶点大多见于第4骶椎水平（60.7%），而底部通常位于第5骶椎水平（78.7%）。骶管裂孔的平均长度为22.67±11.84mm。骶管裂孔顶点处的平均横向宽度和平均前后径分别为13.14mm±2.85mm和5.57mm±1.53mm。