饲料质量和饲养水平对东非养牛系统中粪便成分的影响
Feed Quality and Feeding Level Effects on Faecal Composition in East African Cattle Farming Systems.
作者信息
Ali Asep I M, Wassie Shimels E, Joergensen Rainer Georg, Korir Daniel, Goopy John P, Butterbach-Bahl Klaus, Merbold Lutz, Dickhoefer Uta, Schlecht Eva
机构信息
Animal Husbandry in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Kassel and University of Göttingen, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany.
Animal Nutrition and Rangeland Management in the Tropics and Subtropics, Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
出版信息
Animals (Basel). 2021 Feb 22;11(2):564. doi: 10.3390/ani11020564.
Effects of feeding levels below maintenance requirements of metabolizable energy (MER) and of feed supplementation on fecal nutrient and microbial C concentrations were evaluated. In experiment 1, Rhodes grass hay only was offered to Boran steers at 80%, 60%, and 40% of individual MER, while steers at 100% MER additionally received a concentrated mixture. This reduction in MER decreased N, increased fungal C but did not affect bacterial C concentrations in feces. In experiment 2, Holstein × Boran heifers were offered a poor-quality roughage diet without supplement, with sweet potato vine silage or with a urea-molasses block. These two supplements did not affect the fecal chemical composition or fungal C but increased bacterial C concentrations in feces. Across all data, the fungal C/bacterial C ratio was positively related to N and negatively to neutral detergent fiber concentrations in feces, indicating diet-induced shifts in the fecal microbial community.
评估了低于代谢能维持需要量的采食水平以及补饲对粪便养分和微生物碳浓度的影响。在实验1中，仅以罗得草干草分别按个体代谢能维持需要量的80%、60%和40%饲喂博拉安公牛，而按代谢能维持需要量的100%饲喂的公牛额外添加了精料混合料。代谢能维持需要量的这种降低减少了粪便中的氮，增加了真菌碳，但未影响细菌碳浓度。在实验2中，给荷斯坦×博拉安小母牛饲喂低质量粗饲料日粮，不补饲、补饲甘薯藤青贮料或补饲尿素-糖蜜舔砖。这两种补饲对粪便化学成分或真菌碳没有影响，但增加了粪便中的细菌碳浓度。综合所有数据，真菌碳/细菌碳比率与粪便中的氮呈正相关，与中性洗涤纤维浓度呈负相关，表明日粮引起了粪便微生物群落的变化。
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