Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Plant Dis. 2021 Oct;105(10):3072-3081. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-11-20-2422-RE. Epub 2021 Oct 26.
Core rot is a major postharvest disease of apple fruit that occurs worldwide and is caused by a complex of fungi. Despite the importance of the disease, little is known about its etiology in Greece. In this study, 325 fungal isolates obtained from fruit with core rot symptoms were identified to the species level using morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis. Fungal identification revealed that was the major disease agent (57.8% of the isolates), followed by (27.8%), (12%), and spp. (3.3%). is reported for the first time as an agent of core rot of apple and its pathogenicity was confirmed by artificial inoculation tests. In addition to disease etiology, field experiments were performed at two different orchards for 3 consecutive years (2017 to 2019). Experiments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of several classes of fungicides and the timing of application for control of the disease. Greater efficacy was achieved when fungicides were applied at the petal fall stage (flowers fading BBCH 67), while the most effective fungicides were the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors fluxapyroxad, fluopyram, adepidyn, and penthiopyrad. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the optimization of disease management and reduce the yield losses caused by core rot pathogens in Greece.
果心腐病是一种世界性的苹果果实采后病害，由真菌复合体引起。尽管该病害非常重要，但在希腊，人们对其病因知之甚少。在本研究中，通过形态特征和系统发育分析，从表现果心腐病症状的果实中分离得到的 325 株真菌分离物被鉴定到种的水平。真菌鉴定表明， （57.8%的分离物）是主要的病原菌，其次是 （27.8%）、 （12%）和 spp. （3.3%）。 首次被报道为苹果果心腐病的病原菌，并通过人工接种试验证实了其致病性。除了病因学研究外，本研究还在两个不同的果园进行了为期 3 年（2017 年至 2019 年）的田间试验。试验旨在确定几类杀菌剂的有效性及其施药时间，以控制该病害。在花瓣脱落期（花凋谢 BBCH 67）施药时，效果更好，而最有效的杀菌剂是琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂 fluxapyroxad、fluopyram、adepidyn 和 penthiopyrad。本研究的结果有望有助于优化病害管理，减少果心腐病病原菌在希腊造成的产量损失。
