Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Am J Primatol. 2021 Nov;83(11):e23250. doi: 10.1002/ajp.23250. Epub 2021 Mar 9.
Cognitive impairments that accompany aging, even in the absence of neurodegenerative diseases, include deficits in executive function and memory mediated by the prefrontal cortex. Because of the unique differentiation and expansion of the prefrontal cortex in primates, investigations of the neurobiological basis of cognitive aging in nonhuman primates have been particularly informative about the potential basis for age-related cognitive decline in humans. We review the cognitive functions mediated by specific subregions of prefrontal cortex, and their corresponding connections, as well as the evidence for age-related alterations in specific regions of prefrontal cortex. We also discuss evidence for similarities and differences in the effects of aging on prefrontal cortex across species.
即使在没有神经退行性疾病的情况下，衰老伴随的认知障碍也包括前额叶皮层介导的执行功能和记忆缺陷。由于灵长类动物的前额叶皮层具有独特的分化和扩张，因此对非人类灵长类动物认知老化的神经生物学基础的研究特别有助于了解与人类认知衰退相关的潜在基础。我们回顾了前额叶皮层特定子区域介导的认知功能及其相应的连接，以及与前额叶皮层特定区域相关的年龄变化的证据。我们还讨论了在物种之间，衰老对前额叶皮层影响的相似性和差异性的证据。
