Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Granada, Spain.
Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
J Sci Food Agric. 2021 Oct;101(13):5541-5549. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.11205. Epub 2021 Mar 24.
Meeting the energy and nitrogen (N) requirements of high-performing ruminants at the same time as avoiding digestive disturbances (i.e. rumen acidosis) is a key priority in ruminant nutrition. The present study evaluated the effect of a cereal ammoniation treatment, in which barley grains are combined with urea and enzymes that catalyze the conversion of urea to ammonia to optimize rumen function. Twelve rumen cannulated sheep were randomly divided into two groups and fed a diet containing 60% of ammoniated barley (AMM) or untreated barley supplemented with urea (CTL) to investigate the impact on rumen fermentation and feed utilization.
AMM had higher total N content and effective rumen degradable N than untreated barely. AMM sheep had a consistently higher rumen pH throughout the day (6.31 versus 6.03) and tended to have a lower post-prandial ammonia peak and higher acetate molar proportion (+5.1%) than CTL sheep. The rumen environment in AMM sheep favored the colonization and utilization of agro-industrial by-products (i.e. orange pulp) by the rumen microbes leading to a higher feed degradability. AMM sheep also had higher total tract apparent N digestibility (+21.7%) and urinary excretion of purine derivatives (+34%), suggesting a higher N uptake and microbial protein synthesis than CTL sheep.
The inclusion of AMM in the diet of ruminants represents a valid strategy for maintaining rumen pH within a physiological range and improving N utilization by the rumen microbes, which could have positive effects on the health and productivity of animals in intensive production systems. These findings warrant further studies under conventional farm conditions. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
在满足高性能反刍动物的能量和氮（N）需求的同时，避免消化紊乱（即瘤胃酸中毒）是反刍动物营养的一个关键重点。本研究评估了谷物氨化处理的效果，即将大麦粒与尿素和酶结合，使尿素转化为氨，以优化瘤胃功能。将 12 只瘤胃插管绵羊随机分为两组，分别饲喂含 60%氨化大麦（AMM）或未处理大麦补充尿素（CTL）的日粮，以研究其对瘤胃发酵和饲料利用的影响。
AMM 的总 N 含量和有效瘤胃可降解 N 高于未处理的大麦。AMM 绵羊全天的瘤胃 pH 值均较高（6.31 对 6.03），且餐后氨峰较低，乙酸摩尔比例较高（+5.1%），CTL 绵羊则较低。AMM 绵羊的瘤胃环境有利于瘤胃微生物对农业工业副产品（如橙渣）的定植和利用，从而提高了饲料降解率。AMM 绵羊的总肠道表观 N 消化率（+21.7%）和尿嘌呤衍生物排泄量（+34%）也较高，表明其 N 吸收和微生物蛋白合成高于 CTL 绵羊。
在反刍动物日粮中添加 AMM 是维持瘤胃 pH 值在生理范围内的有效策略，可提高瘤胃微生物对 N 的利用效率，这可能对集约化生产系统中动物的健康和生产力产生积极影响。这些发现值得在常规农场条件下进一步研究。© 2021 作者。John Wiley & Sons Ltd 代表化学工业协会出版的《食品科学杂志》。
