Toxicology Laboratory, Veterinary School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Toxicology Laboratory, Veterinary School of the Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2021 May;31(3):340-350. doi: 10.1111/vec.13048. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
To determine the effect and safety of IV lipid emulsion in rabbits with acute ivermectin toxicosis.
Randomized controlled trial.
University research facility.
Twenty-four healthy male adult New Zealand rabbits.
Three groups of rabbits (IV, IV_RL, and IV_LE) received 80 mg/kg of ivermectin (8 mL/kg) through a nasogastric tube, and 1 group (LE) received an equivalent volume (8 mL/kg) of 0.9% sodium chloride. Group IV_RL was treated with Ringer's lactate (2 mL/kg bolus, followed by 0.25 mL/kg/min for 60 minutes), whereas groups IV_LE and LE received 20% lipid emulsion. The rabbits were submitted to clinical and neurological evaluation, and blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. All animals were euthanized, and tissue samples were collected and processed for histopathological evaluation and ivermectin quantification.
All animals exposed to ivermectin manifested clinical changes consistent with toxicosis, but the ones that received IV lipid emulsion infusion showed no significant clinical improvement. Intense increase in serum glucose and triglyceride concentrations was seen after ivermectin exposure, along with increased urea and creatinine concentrations, but the last 2 remained within the reference range. Lipid emulsion caused an intense increase in triglycerides and cholesterol concentrations. No pathological abnormalities were seen in the organs sampled. Toxicological analysis showed greater ivermectin concentration in adipose tissue and liver, followed by kidney and, finally, brain. The treatments did not change ivermectin tissue concentration.
When given to rabbits intoxicated with ivermectin, IV lipid emulsion was biochemically and histologically safe but was not effective in treating, delaying, or reversing clinical signs and progression, nor did it alter ivermectin tissue concentration.
确定静脉注射脂肪乳剂对急性伊维菌素中毒兔的作用和安全性。
随机对照试验。
大学研究机构。
24 只健康成年雄性新西兰兔。
三组兔子（IV、IV_RL 和 IV_LE）通过鼻胃管给予 80mg/kg 的伊维菌素（8mL/kg），一组（LE）给予等体积（8mL/kg）的 0.9%氯化钠。IV_RL 组给予林格氏液（2mL/kg 推注，然后 0.25mL/kg/min 持续 60 分钟），IV_LE 和 LE 组给予 20%脂肪乳剂。兔子接受临床和神经学评估，并采集血液样本进行生化分析。所有动物均安乐死，采集组织样本进行组织病理学评估和伊维菌素定量分析。
所有接触伊维菌素的动物均出现与中毒一致的临床变化，但接受静脉注射脂肪乳剂输注的动物无明显临床改善。伊维菌素暴露后血清葡萄糖和甘油三酯浓度明显升高，同时尿素和肌酐浓度升高，但后两者仍在参考范围内。脂肪乳剂使甘油三酯和胆固醇浓度明显升高。取样器官未见病理异常。毒理学分析显示脂肪组织和肝脏中伊维菌素浓度最高，其次是肾脏，最后是大脑。治疗并未改变组织中的伊维菌素浓度。
当给予伊维菌素中毒的兔子时，静脉注射脂肪乳剂在生化和组织学上是安全的，但在治疗、延迟或逆转临床症状和进展方面无效，也不能改变伊维菌素在组织中的浓度。
