Variation in volumes and characteristics of ENT emergency visits during COVID-19 pandemic. Where are the patients?

The aim of this study is to analyze patterns and volumes of patients visiting ENT emergency departments during periods of community lockdowns given the newness of this situation and to assess the variation in numbers of visits and examine whether their reduction equally affects all categories of visit causation or whether it is limited to diseases not considered as emergencies. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on prospectively collected registry data on patients of all age groups visited the emergency ENT department during the period of nationwide lockdown. Patients were grouped in 9 categories, according to the cause of visit the ENT emergency department. A total of 201 patients visited the ENT emergency department. The retrospective analysis of the data during the same period in the years 2013-2019 showed a reduction of 73% in total visits (mean total visits number between 2013 and 2019 was 745.29±20.0143). A statistically significant reduction in visitation was found in all categories studied with the exception of foreign body ingestion - aspiration. Patients with General ENT symptoms, mild epistaxis cases, otology cases, vertigo cases, uncomplicated infectious cases showed a statistically significant reduction in numbers and were treated empirically. Swallowing foreign body cases did not show statistically significant reduction. Limitation of movement and the lockdown itself, led to reduction of trauma cases. Surprisingly, there was also a reduction in oncology cases and an increase in numbers of these cases can be expected in the near future.