Liu Xin, Xiang Wei, Si Bing-Cheng
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2021 Apr 8;42(4):1739-1749. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202008315.
The Fenhe River basin is the second largest tributary of the Yellow River. Piper diagrams, Gibbs, PCA, correlation analysis and forward derivation modeling were used to analyze the distribution characteristics and the controlling factors of the groundwater chemistry and stable isotopes in the Fenhe River basin, which revealed the water cycle and water quality evolution process. The results indicated that the groundwater is a weakly alkaline, micro-hard water, the dominant anions and cations are HCO and Ca, the major groundwater types are Mg-Ca-HCO and Mg-Ca-Cl-SO, the groundwater quality is good, and more than 94% of the samples belong to classes Ⅰ-Ⅲ. The average values of D and O of the Fenhe River groundwater are -70.2‰ and -9.6‰, which are similar to the isotope values of the precipitation from July to September, indicating that the groundwater may have originated from this period and that the groundwater recharge mode (dominant flow and piston flow) has a spatial variation. Rock weathering is the dominant source of ions in the groundwater, with an average contribution of 87%, while the contributions of atmospheric input and human activity are 8% and 5%, respectively. For rock weathering, silicate, evaporate, and carbonate rock contribute equally to the groundwater solutes, accounting for 32%, 28%, and 26%, respectively. The results of this study provide the basis for promoting the sustainable development and utilization of groundwater resources in the Fenhe River basin.
汾河流域是黄河的第二大支流。采用 Piper 图、Gibbs 法、主成分分析（PCA）、相关性分析和正向推导模型，分析了汾河流域地下水化学特征、稳定同位素的分布特征及其控制因素，揭示了水循环和水质演化过程。结果表明，该流域地下水为弱碱性、微硬水，主要阴离子和阳离子分别为 HCO₃⁻和 Ca²⁺，主要地下水类型为 Mg-Ca-HCO₃型和 Mg-Ca-Cl-SO₄型，地下水水质良好，超过 94%的样品属于Ⅰ-Ⅲ类。汾河地下水 D 和¹⁸O 的平均值分别为-70.2‰和-9.6‰，与 7-9 月降水的同位素值相似，表明该流域地下水可能主要源于这一时期，且地下水补给模式（优势流和活塞流）存在空间差异。岩石风化是地下水中离子的主要来源，平均贡献率为 87%，而大气输入和人类活动的贡献率分别为 8%和 5%。对于岩石风化，硅酸盐、蒸发岩和碳酸盐岩对地下水溶质的贡献相当，分别占 32%、28%和 26%。本研究结果为促进汾河流域地下水资源的可持续开发利用提供了依据。
