School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
Department of Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
Environ Monit Assess. 2021 Mar 22;193(4):206. doi: 10.1007/s10661-021-09014-0.
The South Durban Industrial Basin (SDIB), South Africa, an economic hub that spans a long coastline, is a disaster management hotspot, which threatens the sustainability of the fishing industry in this region. This study investigated the elemental concentrations in fish and seawater from a mini-ecosystem in the SDIB, to determine if a direct relationship exists between these two matrices, and to assess for metal toxicities. The results showed As and Cr to be above the maximum permissible limits (MPLs) of the World Health Organization (WHO) for all fish species (blacktail, karanteen, five finger, mullet, and pompano), while fish from Isipingo Beach exceeded the WHO MPLs for Pb, As, and Cr. Fish did not display signs of metal toxicity indicating either a harmless form of metals or high tolerance levels. Typical concentrations of metals in seawater (mg L) at (Isipingo Beach, Cuttings Beach, and Amanzimtoti Beach) were found to be for Al (3, 2.7, and 16.4), As (0.17, 0.11, and 0.19), Cr (0.16, 0.17, and 0.23), Cu (0.15, 0.13, and 0.24), Fe (2.7, 3.45, and 33.9), and Zn (2, 2.1, and 2.12). Except for As, estimated daily intakes, target hazard quotients, and carcinogenic risks indicated no associated health risks due to consumption of the fish from the SDIB. However, due to target hazard quotients and carcinogenic risks for As being above 4 and 0.0001, respectively, fish from the SDIB should be consumed in moderation or not consumed to prevent long-term toxic effects of As.
南非的德班南部工业盆地（SDIB）是一个横跨漫长海岸线的经济中心，是灾害管理的热点地区，这威胁到该地区渔业的可持续性。本研究调查了 SDIB 小型生态系统中的鱼类和海水中的元素浓度，以确定这两个矩阵之间是否存在直接关系，并评估金属毒性。结果表明，所有鱼类（黑尾鱼、karanteen、五指鱼、鲻鱼和鲳鱼）的砷和铬含量均高于世界卫生组织（WHO）的最大允许限量（MPL），而伊西平戈海滩的鱼类铅、砷和铬含量超过了 WHO MPL。鱼类没有表现出金属毒性的迹象，表明金属要么以无害的形式存在，要么具有很高的耐受水平。海水（mg/L）中典型金属浓度（伊西平戈海滩、Cuttings 海滩和阿马祖托蒂海滩）分别为铝（3、2.7 和 16.4）、砷（0.17、0.11 和 0.19）、铬（0.16、0.17 和 0.23）、铜（0.15、0.13 和 0.24）、铁（2.7、3.45 和 33.9）和锌（2、2.1 和 2.12）。除了砷，估计每日摄入量、目标危害系数和致癌风险都表明，由于食用 SDIB 的鱼类，不会对健康造成相关风险。然而，由于目标危害系数和致癌风险的砷分别高于 4 和 0.0001，因此应适量食用或不食用 SDIB 的鱼类，以防止砷的长期毒性作用。
