Graduate Department, BengBu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
J Int Med Res. 2021 Mar;49(3):3000605211000526. doi: 10.1177/03000605211000526.
Synovial chondromatosis (SC) is a benign condition characterized by the formation of metaplastic cartilage in the synovial membrane of the joint, resulting in numerous attached and unattached osteocartilaginous bodies. SC mostly affects the large synovial joints, especially the knee, hip, elbow, and ankle, whereas involvement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is rare. Approximately 240 cases of SC of the TMJ have been reported in the English-language literature to date. The number of loose bodies varies among patients but usually ranges from the dozens to around 100. We herein report a case of SC of the TMJ accompanied by approximately 400 loose bodies in a healthy 53-year-old woman. Such a high number of loose bodies within a small space is extremely rare. We also include a brief discussion about the differential diagnoses and current diagnostic approaches to SC of the TMJ. Notably, delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis is common because of the nonspecific nature of the presenting complaints.
滑膜软骨瘤病（Synovial Chondromatosis，SC）是一种良性疾病，其特征为关节滑膜中形成化生软骨，导致大量附着和游离的骨软骨体。SC 主要影响大关节，尤其是膝关节、髋关节、肘关节和踝关节，而颞下颌关节（Temporomandibular Joint，TMJ）受累则较为罕见。迄今为止，英文文献中报道的 TMJ 滑膜软骨瘤病病例约有 240 例。游离体的数量在不同患者之间有所差异，但通常为数十个至约 100 个。我们在此报告一例 53 岁健康女性 TMJ 滑膜软骨瘤病伴约 400 个游离体的病例。在如此小的空间内存在如此大量的游离体极为罕见。我们还简要讨论了 TMJ 滑膜软骨瘤病的鉴别诊断和当前的诊断方法。值得注意的是，由于临床表现不具特异性，常导致延迟诊断或误诊。
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