Falahzadah Mohammad Hussain, Shokoohi Ebrahim, Moravej Gholam Hossein, Mashela Phatu William, Madadi Abdul Khalid, Karimi Javad
Biocontrol and Insect Pathology Lab., Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kabul University, Afghanistan.
Zootaxa. 2021 Feb 9;4926(3):zootaxa.4926.3.5. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4926.3.5.
Several soil samples from different habitats in Badakhshan province of Afghanistan were collected to isolate and characterize bacteria feeding nematodes. The Galleria mellonella-baiting method was used for the isolation of the Afghan insect-associated nematodes. The nematodes were studied using morphological and morphometric data. The Oscheius specimen was characterized by a longer body (630-820 µm) and shorter pharynx (125-145 µm), whereas other morphological characters were not unusual. The Diploscapter specimen had an annulated cuticle, with lip region width 1.5 times shorter than the stoma, and had separated pharyngeal corpus from the isthmus and vulva located in the middle of the body. The molecular data were derived using three loci; 18S, 28S (D2/D3 segment), and ITS rRNA region, which were utilized to measure the genetic distance. The phylogenetic analysis was conducted to reconstruct the relationship tree. Both morphological and molecular approaches confirmed the identity of nematode isolates as Oscheius tipulae and Diploscapter coronatus. This is the first report of insect-associated nematodes from the soil of Afghanistan. Both species were capable of infecting and killing G. mellonella larvae in less than 96 h.
从阿富汗巴达赫尚省不同栖息地采集了几份土壤样本，以分离和鉴定捕食线虫的细菌。采用大蜡螟诱捕法分离与阿富汗昆虫相关的线虫。利用形态学和形态测量数据对线虫进行了研究。奥氏线虫标本的特征是身体较长（630-820微米），咽部较短（125-145微米），而其他形态特征并无异常。双盘线虫标本有环纹角质层，唇区宽度比口器短1.5倍，咽体与峡部分离，阴门位于身体中部。分子数据来自三个基因座：18S、28S（D2/D3片段）和ITS rRNA区域，用于测量遗传距离。进行了系统发育分析以重建关系树。形态学和分子方法均证实线虫分离株为奥氏小杆线虫和冠状双盘线虫。这是来自阿富汗土壤中与昆虫相关线虫的首次报告。两种线虫都能够在不到96小时内感染并杀死大蜡螟幼虫。
