Martinez David R, Schäfer Alexandra, Leist Sarah R, De la Cruz Gabriela, West Ande, Atochina-Vasserman Elena N, Lindesmith Lisa C, Pardi Norbert, Parks Robert, Barr Maggie, Li Dapeng, Yount Boyd, Saunders Kevin O, Weissman Drew, Haynes Barton F, Montgomery Stephanie A, Baric Ralph S
Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
bioRxiv. 2021 May 11:2021.03.11.434872. doi: 10.1101/2021.03.11.434872.
The emergence of SARS-CoV in 2003 and SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 highlights the need to develop universal vaccination strategies against the broader subgenus. Using chimeric spike designs, we demonstrate protection against challenge from SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351, bat CoV (Bt-CoV) RsSHC014, and a heterologous Bt-CoV WIV-1 in vulnerable aged mice. Chimeric spike mRNAs induced high levels of broadly protective neutralizing antibodies against high-risk Sarbecoviruses. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination not only showed a marked reduction in neutralizing titers against heterologous Sarbecoviruses, but SARS-CoV and WIV-1 challenge in mice resulted in breakthrough infection. Chimeric spike mRNA vaccines efficiently neutralized D614G, UK B.1.1.7., mink cluster five, and the South African B.1.351 variant of concern. Thus, multiplexed-chimeric spikes can prevent SARS-like zoonotic coronavirus infections with pandemic potential.
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