Schlebusch L, Wessels W H
Sub-Department of Medically Applied Psychology, University of Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1988 May;10(3):209-13. doi: 10.1016/0163-8343(88)90021-7.
Parasuicide is usually associated with low suicidal intent and research data show that rising rates remain a challenging clinical and research problem. Hopelessness, a core characteristic of depression, appears to be the link between depression and suicidal behavior in high-risk patients. Previous research in this regard focused largely on hopelessness as a correlate of suicide, attempted suicide, serious suicidal intent, and as a predictor of eventual suicide among serious suicidal ideators in the absence of a recent suicide attempt. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between hopelessness and low suicidal intent in a cohort of 337 hospitalized adult parasuicide patients referred to a general hospital psychiatric unit. Within 24-48 hours after admission, all patients, once alert, underwent an individual detailed clinical interview and one of three assessments, viz., they were rated on the Beck Hopelessness Scale, The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale or, DSM III criteria for depression. Results support the positive relationship between hopelessness and suicidal behavior in low-intent patients, previously demonstrated in high-intent patients. The need to also address hopelessness in low-intent patients as part of an effective therapeutic intervention strategy is discussed.
准自杀通常与低自杀意图相关，研究数据表明，其发生率上升仍然是一个具有挑战性的临床和研究问题。绝望作为抑郁症的一个核心特征，似乎是高危患者抑郁症与自杀行为之间的联系。此前在这方面的研究主要集中在将绝望视为自杀、自杀未遂、严重自杀意图的一个相关因素，以及在近期无自杀未遂的严重自杀意念者中作为最终自杀的一个预测因素。本研究旨在调查337名转诊至综合医院精神科病房的住院成年准自杀患者队列中绝望与低自杀意图之间的关系。入院后24至48小时内，所有患者一旦清醒，均接受了一次详细的个人临床访谈以及以下三项评估之一，即使用贝克绝望量表、zung自评抑郁量表或DSM III抑郁症标准对他们进行评分。结果支持了此前在高意图患者中所证实的绝望与低意图患者自杀行为之间的正相关关系。本文讨论了将解决低意图患者的绝望问题作为有效治疗干预策略一部分的必要性。
