Tsuji Tsutomu
Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University.
Yakugaku Zasshi. 2021;141(4):579-589. doi: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00236.
Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen causing a wide range of infectious diseases in humans and animals. This bacterium secretes a variety of exoproteins, including toxins known as superantigens, such as toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) and enterotoxins. Staphylococcal superantigen-like (SSL) proteins are a family of exoproteins showing structural similarities with superantigens but no superantigenic activity. This family is composed of 14 members (SSL1-SSL14), and recent studies have revealed that these members exhibit various immunomodulatory activities: e.g., inhibition of antibody and complement functions, impairment of leukocyte trafficking, modulation of receptor functions, inappropriate activation of immunocytes, and inhibition of blood coagulation. These activities have been proposed to contribute to immune evasion of the bacteria. The interactions between SSL proteins and their target molecules in the host immune system and the pathophysiological roles of SSL proteins in the bacterial infections are reviewed in this article.
金黄色葡萄球菌是一种常见病原体，可在人类和动物中引发多种传染病。这种细菌会分泌多种外蛋白，包括被称为超抗原的毒素，如中毒性休克综合征毒素-1（TSST-1）和肠毒素。葡萄球菌超抗原样（SSL）蛋白是一类外蛋白，与超抗原具有结构相似性，但无超抗原活性。该家族由14个成员（SSL1 - SSL14）组成，最近的研究表明，这些成员具有多种免疫调节活性，例如抑制抗体和补体功能、损害白细胞运输、调节受体功能、不适当激活免疫细胞以及抑制血液凝固。这些活性被认为有助于细菌的免疫逃逸。本文综述了SSL蛋白与其在宿主免疫系统中的靶分子之间的相互作用以及SSL蛋白在细菌感染中的病理生理作用。
