SRC Pediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
Department of Pediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
Nutrients. 2021 Mar 3;13(3):828. doi: 10.3390/nu13030828.
Cow's milk is a key component of a child's diet. While the consumption of even trace amounts can result in allergy to its proteins and/or hypolactasia, excessive cow's milk consumption can result in numerous health complications, including iron deficiency, due to the diet being improperly balanced. Although the incidence of iron deficiency has declined, it remains the most widespread nutritional deficiency globally and the most common cause of anemia. One rare consequence of anemia caused by iron deficiency is protein-losing enteropathy; however, the mechanisms of its development are unclear. The following manuscript, based on a literature review, presents two rare cases of children, a 16-month-old boy and a 2.5-year-old girl, who developed severe microcytic anemia, enteropathy with hypoalbuminemia, and anasarca as a result of excessive cow's milk consumption. It highlights the possible relationship between excessive consumption of cow's milk in children and severe iron deficiency anemia with accompanying hypoalbuminemia; it may also result in serious clinical conditions, even in children that do not demonstrate food hypersensitivity.
牛奶是儿童饮食的重要组成部分。即使摄入极少量的牛奶也可能导致对其蛋白质过敏和/或乳糖不耐受，而过量饮用牛奶会导致许多健康并发症，包括缺铁，因为饮食可能没有得到适当的平衡。尽管缺铁的发病率有所下降，但它仍然是全球最普遍的营养缺乏症，也是贫血的最常见原因。缺铁引起的贫血的一种罕见后果是蛋白丢失性肠病；然而，其发病机制尚不清楚。本手稿基于文献回顾，介绍了两例罕见病例，一名 16 个月大的男孩和一名 2.5 岁的女孩，因过量饮用牛奶而导致严重小细胞性贫血、低白蛋白血症和全身性水肿的发生。它强调了儿童过量饮用牛奶与严重缺铁性贫血伴低白蛋白血症之间可能存在的关系；它也可能导致严重的临床状况，即使是在没有表现出食物过敏的儿童中也是如此。
