Ying Xinxin, Ma Nuo, Zhang Xuehan, Guo Haoyue, Liu Yu, Chen Bin, Zhao Sha, Wu Shengyu, Li Wei, Wang Lei, Jia Keyi, Wang Hao, Chen Peixin, Jiang Minlin, Tang Xuzhen, Qi Hui, Dai Chunlei, He Yayi
Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Ann Palliat Med. 2021 Apr;10(4):4806-4822. doi: 10.21037/apm-20-1675. Epub 2021 Mar 24.
The liver is one of the most common sites of metastatic spread of lung cancer, and the process of metastasis is regulated by many factors. A number of genes, including multiple tumor suppressor 1 (mts1), p120 catenin, and CT45A1, increase the possibility of hepatic metastasis in lung cancer, whereas Tip30/CC3, CUL5, and SOCS3 expression in lung tumors inhibit tumor metastasis. microRNAs (miRNAs), such as miRNA-126, miRNA-338, and miRNA-218, can affect the metastasis of lung cancer cells to the liver. The D114-Notch signaling pathway can inhibit liver metastasis in small cell lung cancer. Serum tumor markers cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) are closely related to the risk of hepatic metastasis in lung cancer. Based on previously published literature, we found that the metastasis and invasion of lung cancer to the liver are determined by molecular factors. Therefore, the selective identification and intervention of these erroneous signals can predict early lung cancer metastasis to the liver. In this review article, we describe the mechanisms and influencing factors (genes, signal pathways, chemicals, proteins, miRNAs) of hepatic metastasis in lung cancer. We hope to provide a summary of the evidence for the mechanisms by which related genes or proteins affect the malignancy of liver metastasis from lung cancer so that doctors and researchers can improve treatment options.
肝脏是肺癌转移扩散最常见的部位之一，转移过程受多种因素调控。包括多肿瘤抑制因子1（mts1）、p120连环蛋白和CT45A1在内的一些基因会增加肺癌肝转移的可能性，而肺肿瘤中Tip30/CC3、CUL5和SOCS3的表达则抑制肿瘤转移。微小RNA（miRNA），如miRNA - 126、miRNA - 338和miRNA - 218，可影响肺癌细胞向肝脏的转移。D114 - Notch信号通路可抑制小细胞肺癌的肝转移。血清肿瘤标志物细胞角蛋白19片段抗原21 - 1和神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）与肺癌肝转移风险密切相关。基于先前发表的文献，我们发现肺癌向肝脏的转移和侵袭由分子因素决定。因此，对这些错误信号进行选择性识别和干预可预测肺癌早期肝转移。在这篇综述文章中，我们描述了肺癌肝转移的机制及影响因素（基因、信号通路、化学物质、蛋白质、miRNA）。我们希望对相关基因或蛋白质影响肺癌肝转移恶性程度的机制证据进行总结，以便医生和研究人员改进治疗方案。
