Department of Clinical Science and Services, Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK.
J Feline Med Surg. 2022 Feb;24(2):98-106. doi: 10.1177/1098612X211005886. Epub 2021 Apr 13.
The aim of this study was to describe the demography, aetiology, location and classification of physeal fractures in cats, and to describe their management and outcomes.
Clinical records and radiographs of cats referred for management of physeal fractures were retrospectively reviewed. Fractures of the proximal femoral physis were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used to describe signalment, cause of injury, presence of concurrent injuries, fracture description, treatment modality, complications, follow-up, physeal closure, implant removal and outcome.
Thirty-four cats with 36 fractures were included, of which 17 affected the distal femur, 11 the distal tibia and fibula, five the distal radius and ulna, two the proximal tibia and one the distal humerus. Salter-Harris classification was type I in 14, type II in 16, type III in two and type IV in four fractures. Thirty-four fractures were treated with primary fixation, and the most common method was crossed Kirschner wires (24/34 fractures). Complications were observed in 14 fractures, of which 12 were minor. At radiographic follow-up, physeal closure was reported in 23 fractures, of which 15 were considered premature. Implant removal was performed in three fractures. Outcome was good in 28, fair in four and poor in two fractures.
Fracture of the distal femoral physis was the most common physeal fracture seen. Cats presenting with physeal fractures may be skeletally immature or mature with delayed physeal closure. The rate of physeal closure after fracture repair was relatively high but without apparent impact. The frequency of implant removal was very low, indicating that despite having a physeal fracture repair, most cats did not require a second procedure to remove implants. Overall, internal fixation provided a good outcome in most fractures.
本研究旨在描述猫骺板骨折的人口统计学、病因、部位和分类，并描述其治疗方法和结果。
回顾性分析因骺板骨折就诊猫的临床记录和 X 光片。排除了股骨近端骺板骨折。使用描述性统计数据来描述品种、损伤原因、是否合并其他损伤、骨折描述、治疗方式、并发症、随访、骺板闭合、植入物取出和结果。
共纳入 34 只猫的 36 处骨折，其中 17 处发生在股骨远端，11 处发生在胫骨和腓骨远端，5 处发生在桡骨和尺骨远端，2 处发生在胫骨近端，1 处发生在肱骨远端。Salter-Harris 分类中，14 处为Ⅰ型，16 处为Ⅱ型，2 处为Ⅲ型，4 处为Ⅳ型。34 处骨折采用了初次固定治疗，最常见的方法是交叉克氏针（34 处骨折中的 24 处）。14 处骨折出现并发症，其中 12 处为轻微并发症。在 X 光随访中，23 处报告了骺板闭合，其中 15 处被认为是过早闭合。3 处骨折进行了植入物取出。28 处骨折的结果良好，4 处骨折结果一般，2 处骨折结果较差。
股骨远端骺板骨折是最常见的骺板骨折。就诊的骺板骨折猫可能是未成熟或成熟的骨骼，伴有骺板闭合延迟。骨折修复后的骺板闭合率相对较高，但没有明显影响。植入物取出的频率非常低，表明尽管进行了骺板骨折修复，但大多数猫不需要进行第二次手术取出植入物。总的来说，内固定为大多数骨折提供了良好的结果。
