Khan Shafaq Naheed, Loukil Faiza, Ghedira-Guegan Chirine, Benkhelifa Elhadj, Bani-Hani Anoud
Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, LAMIH, CNRS, UMR 8201, F-59313 Valenciennes, France.
Peer Peer Netw Appl. 2021;14(5):2901-2925. doi: 10.1007/s12083-021-01127-0. Epub 2021 Apr 18.
In recent years, the rapid development of blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies has influenced the financial industry by creating a new crypto-economy. Then, next-generation decentralized applications without involving a trusted third-party have emerged thanks to the appearance of smart contracts, which are computer protocols designed to facilitate, verify, and enforce automatically the negotiation and agreement among multiple untrustworthy parties. Despite the bright side of smart contracts, several concerns continue to undermine their adoption, such as security threats, vulnerabilities, and legal issues. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of blockchain-enabled smart contracts from both technical and usage points of view. To do so, we present a taxonomy of existing blockchain-enabled smart contract solutions, categorize the included research papers, and discuss the existing smart contract-based studies. Based on the findings from the survey, we identify a set of challenges and open issues that need to be addressed in future studies. Finally, we identify future trends.
近年来，区块链技术和加密货币的迅速发展通过创建新的加密经济影响了金融行业。随后，由于智能合约的出现，出现了不涉及可信第三方的下一代去中心化应用程序，智能合约是旨在促进、验证和自动执行多个不可信方之间的协商和协议的计算机协议。尽管智能合约有其光明的一面，但一些问题仍在继续阻碍其采用，如安全威胁、漏洞和法律问题。在本文中，我们从技术和使用角度对基于区块链的智能合约进行了全面的调查。为此，我们提出了现有基于区块链的智能合约解决方案的分类法，对所纳入的研究论文进行了分类，并讨论了现有的基于智能合约的研究。基于调查结果，我们确定了一系列未来研究中需要解决的挑战和开放问题。最后，我们确定了未来的趋势。
