Department of Mental Health, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
Cells. 2021 Apr 19;10(4):941. doi: 10.3390/cells10040941.
Affective disorders (AD) including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are common mood disorders associated with increased disability and poor health outcomes. Altered immune responses characterized by increased serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neuroinflammation are common findings in patients with AD and in corresponding animal models. Dendritic cells (DCs) represent a heterogeneous population of myeloid cells that orchestrate innate and adaptive immune responses and self-tolerance. Upon sensing exogenous and endogenous danger signals, mature DCs secrete proinflammatory factors, acquire migratory and antigen presenting capacities and thus contribute to neuroinflammation in trauma, autoimmunity, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, little is known about the involvement of DCs in the pathogenesis of AD. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on DCs in peripheral immune responses and neuroinflammation in MDD and BD. In addition, we consider the impact of DCs on neuroinflammation and behavior in animal models of AD. Finally, we will discuss therapeutic perspectives targeting DCs and their effector molecules in mood disorders.
情感障碍（AD）包括重性抑郁障碍（MDD）和双相情感障碍（BD），是常见的情绪障碍，与残疾和健康状况不佳有关。在 AD 患者和相应的动物模型中，常见的发现是免疫反应改变，表现为促炎细胞因子和神经炎症的血清水平升高。树突状细胞（DC）是髓系细胞的异质性群体，可协调先天和适应性免疫反应以及自身耐受。成熟的 DC 检测到外源性和内源性危险信号后，会分泌促炎因子，获得迁移和抗原呈递能力，从而导致创伤、自身免疫和神经退行性疾病中的神经炎症。然而，关于 DC 在 AD 发病机制中的参与，目前知之甚少。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前关于 DC 在 MDD 和 BD 外周免疫反应和神经炎症中的作用的知识。此外，我们还考虑了 DC 在 AD 动物模型中的神经炎症和行为中的作用。最后，我们将讨论针对情绪障碍中 DC 及其效应分子的治疗前景。
